A closed end fund (or closed ended fund) is a collective investment model based on issuing a fixed number of shares which are not redeemable from the fund.

Rather than holding an investment in our bodies, we re all at risk of becoming capital my body, but somebody else s capital.

The bankers retort that they must pay a higher return on any additional equity that they issue, so that more equity would increase their cost of capital, forcing them to raise interest rates on the loans they make, which would reduce economic activity.

And the greatest devils of our economic age lurk in the details of how officials regard the capital the equity funding of our largest banks.

Yes, the principle of regulating bank capital seems sensible.

Examples of concrete ways of strengthening the collaboration between university and industry

New brands can assert themselves by acquiring symbolic capital.

The equity capital of banks urgently needs to be substantially increased.

They successfully develop a circulative capital to create more jobs and income in the community.

A country that has a balanced current account does not need any additional foreign capital.

The African Development Bank s capital was increased by 200 , as was the Asian Development Bank s.

Insulating executives from losses to stakeholders other than shareholders can be expected to encourage them to make investments and take on obligations that increase the likelihood and severity of losses that exceed the shareholders capital.

Enterprises that interact with university based research laboratories have been offered venture capital, tax benefits and other incentives.

We need new capital, and new approaches to management, in the banking system.

Banks capital, therefore, is what stands between bad loans and insolvency.

European banks have been operating on a great deal of debt and very little shareholder capital the essential buffer against potential losses.

Many European banks, however, have less equity than their US counterparts, which creates an important source of vulnerability going forward.

The Agricultural Bank will also require new capital, although the government is not yet preparing it for privatization.

Three of the claims in this instalment include a claim for what the Panel considers to be the individual claimant's equity interest in a company.

But the long run can be long indeed, and the influence of speculative capital flows can be substantial and sustained.

Both investors and publicly traded firms are operating in increasingly integrated global capital markets.

Higher equity capital requirements, for example, require banks to fund themselves with relatively more equity and relatively less debt.

More important, it makes no sense to put new capital into banks that cannot return profits for the foreseeable future.

But there is a much simpler step that would make a big difference A senior policymaker, such as a member of the Federal Reserve s Board of Governors or the president of the New York Fed, should make a speech that explains clearly what bank capital is (and what it is not).

As he himself put it, I earned capital in the campaign and now I intend to spend it.

Indeed, in 2009, more than 1 trillion in private capital flowed to developing countries nine times more than total aid.

This put financial capital in a privileged position governments had to pay more attention to the requirements of international capital than to the aspirations of their own people.

Investment banks like Bear Stearns and Lehman Brothers got into trouble because they had too little equity capital far less than 10 .

Of course, there has been important progress, especially on the Basel III agenda to create more resilient capital and liquidity buffers.

Germany is being betrayed to foreigners by the opposition, and good productive capital is once again being opposed to bad speculative capital.

One can imagine a society of private wealth holders, whose main objective is to lead good lives, not to turn their wealth into capital.

US banks are currently funded with more equity than was the case before the financial crisis, and they are doing fine.

यह क य चल रह ह ? आस न स जव ब यह ह क च ज स र फ प ज और श रम स नह बन ई ज त , ज स क प क ट क तर क ह उनम तकन क ज ञ न भ श म ल ह त ह

General deflation eliminates the capital of yet more financial intermediaries, and makes risky an even larger share of assets that had previously been regarded as safe.

Banks capital simply refers to their equity funding how much of their liabilities are owned by shareholders rather than being owed to creditors as some form of debt.

Banks know that they face higher capital requirements, which will force them to scale back lending relative to their resources).

Appeals to Member States to pledge annual donations, within their capabilities, to the ISF budget and contribute to the budget of the Waqf Fund.

When a bank s capital falls below a pre specified limit, its cocos automatically convert from debt to equity at a fraction of their previous price.

But we are where we are. A glimmer of hope is Europe s willingness to use the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF) imaginatively as equity or first loss cover.

Second, there is no political reward for fighting a preventive war, while there is great political capital to be earned by acting after problems have exploded.

There is a common monetary policy in the euro zone countries, and an integrated capital market with financial institutions that are active across national frontiers.

Among fiscal measures, the reduction of taxes and the granting of tax breaks in selected areas such as venture capital financing were of particular importance.

WASHINGTON, DC European leaders are convinced that bank capital is expensive, in the sense that raising capital requirements would slow economic growth.

More over, Japan in particular was not especially wealthy in an international comparison, and neither country had deep or well developed capital markets.

Enter shareholder activist David Einhorn, whose hedge fund Greenlight Capital has been pressing Apple to distribute a healthy fraction of that cash.