There was no evidence that the gender pay gap in Ireland was caused by discriminatory pay practices, a recent study having identified child rearing as the main reason women refrained from working.

Between 1990 and 2009, the gender pay gap remained within a narrow range of between 15 and 17 .

In the 1980 election, a different gender gap emerged, with women more likely than men to support Democrats.

Not a single Democrat has won the White House without a substantial gender gap.

They could close Japan s salary gender gap wider than in any OECD country except South Korea in part by establishing rules that reward performance rather than seniority.

Since 1997, the purpose of the Pay Equity Act is to redress differences in compensation due to systemic gender discrimination.

Persistent challenges include untrained staff, low salaries, lack of basic equipment, training and reference materials, gender inequity and lack of harmonization among secular, customary and Islamic laws.

Today, a deficiency of aggregate demand afflicts almost all advanced countries, leading to high unemployment, lower wages, greater inequality, and coming full, vicious circle constrained consumption.

Discrimination in the work place is illegal in many countries, but some see the wage gap between genders and other groups as a persistent problem.

In a monetary union, there are only two ways to close a competitiveness gap between countries transfers from the more competitive to the less competitive, or internal devaluation, which means real wage cuts.

There's no gap between rich and poor any longer. This is a myth.

European Union At EU level, the gender pay gap is defined as the relative difference in the average gross hourly earnings of women and men within the economy as a whole.

Employment of women in the garment industry was reversing this trend to some extent, but the gender gap in education and training indicates that the gap in remuneration is likely to continue.

Based on the Gender Equality Act the Gender Equality Council will be established.

Europe s democratic deficit is less a gap between European institutions and European citizens than between national politics and European problems.

Gender equality

Equality of the sexes

The Great Recession has exacerbated inequality, with cutbacks in basic social expenditures and with high unemployment putting downward pressure on wages.

Economic inequality is deeper than ever.

Nevertheless, a significant gap between policy and practice, however, remains.

D. Gender balance

Gender equality

Gender Equality Act

Gender Equality Council

Gender equality

R. Gender

The wage gap within organizations that have implemented pay equity under the policy framework has been reduced for those organizations.

The Gender Equality Act provides for the creation of a new institution the Gender Equality Commissioner.

Moreover, it is clear that northern European countries could help to close the competitiveness gap more rapidly by encouraging faster wage growth.

The Gender Equality Commissioner has the duty to monitor the compliance with the norms established in the Act.

In medicine, there is a huge and unbridgeable gap in expertise and information between doctors and patients.

Since 1980, the world has witnessed a widening income gap among developing countries.

The Gender Equality Council approves the general guidelines of gender equality policy, consults the Government on issues of strategy for the promotion of gender equality and presents to the Government its position on the conformity with the Gender Equality Act of national programmes submitted by the ministries.

Gender Equality as a Development Goal

Gender equality and empowerment of women

(a) Gender equality factors

Women's position and gender equality

i. Gender Equity Policy

European policies for gender equality

Gender equality in legal acts

The Gender Equality Commissioner

Promoting gender equality

Using their own specifications, Weichselbaumer and Winter Ebmer found that the yearly overall decline of the gender pay gap would amount to a slow 0.17 log points, implying a slow level of convergence between the wages of men and women.

Gender Balance Among WFP Staff

At first glance, the evidence supports the possibility that demand for advanced skills is falling. With the exceptions of the US and Germany, the wage gap between skilled and unskilled workers has been declining in all Western countries in the last 17 years.