Mr. KOWSURAT (Thailand) said that forced child labour constituted a violation of labour regulations and child protection legislation, and in many cases involved trafficking in persons, thus violating immigration legislation.

Child labour, child kidnapping, child trafficking

Child labourers are also at risk of being used for drug trafficking or kidnapped for forced labour and sexual exploitation.

However, the situation had improved since the Government had implemented policies to combat forced child labour and trafficking in persons.

Child labour

(i) Forced and bonded labour

He wondered whether forced and bonded child labour was still an issue and whether it occurred mainly in the agricultural sector.

There is an expressed need to link child labour to broader structural challenges facing indigenous and tribal peoples, such as forced labour, land rights, development planning and local governance.

Of those, 8.4 million are trapped in the worst forms of child labour as defined in ILO Convention No. 182, including some 5.7 million in forced and bonded labour.

Nepal's 1990 Constitution guaranteed the protection of the rights and interests of the child and prohibited human trafficking, serfdom and forced labour.

Prohibition of slavery and forced labour.

While child labour was prohibited he acknowledged that some child labour persisted in agricultural activities.

Child labour in Brazil.

Recalling also the International Labour Organization Convention concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour, 1999 (Convention No. 182), which prohibits forced or obligatory labour of all people under the age of 18,

Progressive elimination of child labour

An ILO special action programme to combat forced labour is supporting Governments and social partners in their effort to document and eliminate forced labour.

Worst forms of child labour include child prostitution and trafficking.

In addition, within the context of projects to eliminate child labour, national child labour surveys often provide statistical information about overtime child labour trends and are used as inputs for policy making.

Forced labour would be removed from the statute books.

As for Canada's remarks concerning forced labour, Myanmar continued to cooperate with the International Labour Organization to eradicate forced labour and was striving to uphold the basic human rights of all its citizens.

Article 1 of the protocol requires parties to protect the rights and interests of child victims of trafficking, child prostitution and child pornography, child labour and especially the worst forms of child labour.

(a) Undertake studies to assess the incidence and nature of child labour, in particular the worst forms of child labour

(a) Unlawful killings, rape, extortions, forced displacement, mass abduction and forced recruitment and labour targeted at civilians

Research on indigenous peoples and forced labour in Latin America

These principles and rights include freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining, the elimination of forced or compulsory labour, the abolition of child labour and the elimination of discrimination in employment and occupation.

(iv) Consideration of the value of developing, in cooperation with the International Labour Organization, indicators for forced labour

ILO Convention No. 105 concerning the Abolition of Forced Labour (1998)

Forced and bonded labour Rights of migrant workers, including domestic workers

(e) By adhering to internationally recognized labour standards and considering as a matter of priority joining the International Labour Organization and becoming a party to the International Labour Organization Convention concerning Forced or Compulsory Labour, 1930 (No. 29) and the Convention concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour, 1999 (No. 182)

(g) The initial measures to combat impunity concerning forced labour, including the six month moratorium on arrests of individuals who report forced labour and the release of two prominent detainees

International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour

Child labour, education and indigenous and tribal peoples

Research on ethnicity and child labour in Nepal

19.2 Measures to address exploitation of child labour.

In addition, UNICEF initiated studies on child labour, child detention and violence against children.

Many were also victims of forced labour and barred from Government employment.

The Governments are realizing that it is time to end forced labour.

Efforts to combat child labour should be stepped up.

Modalities of indigenous children being involved in child labour.

With regard to forced labour, Myanmar had already changed its legislation and had adopted administrative measures to monitor compliance with the laws against forced labour. It had drafted and signed an action plan in that regard in conjunction with the International Labour Organization.

In 1930, a League report confirmed the presence of slavery and forced labour.

Those measures should also encompass the elimination of child labour.

It may also be a precursor to domestic violence, forced labour and sexual slavery.

Victims of forced labour were not liable to punishment for having violated immigration legislation.

She asked for an investigation of Chinese prisons, forced labour camps, and mental hospitals.