This initiative has been in effect since 2007.

A planning obligation has been in effect since 1998.

This policy has been in effect since December 1998.

The policy has been in effect since December 1998.

The Guidance Notes are in full force and effect since January 2004.

Effect Since 1950, 2,734,245 Jews have immigrated to Israel.

These purchases would need Treasury support, since this tactic is in effect a fiscal policy, not a monetary policy.

The related mission subsistence allowance, in effect since 18 May 1993, of 15 per person per day is applied.

Since methyl bromide had a short atmospheric lifetime, reductions in its use would have an immediate effect on ozone depletion.

The importance of this greenhouse effect has been known in science since the nineteenth century, when Joseph Fourier coined the term.

Those percentages have fallen somewhat since, but this might be only a temporary effect of the crisis.

The major effect of land use on land cover since 1750 has been deforestation of temperate regions.

The Court denied such binding effect since the board's decisions were subject to a majority vote in the meeting of the members.

Since that procedure had no suspensive effect, the deportation order against the complainant was enforced on 30 September 2002.

Since extracting commercial interest rates from starving people seemed like usury, the loans had to be offered on a concessionary basis in effect, aid.

Falling consumer demand need not cause a recession, since other parts of aggregate demand may rise to counteract this effect.

Under the Command of Major General György Száraz (Hungary), MINURSO continued to monitor the ceasefire in Western Sahara, which has been in effect since 6 September 1991.

The new law came into effect on 1 April 2001, since which time same sex couples have been able to marry.

It has been used as a surgical material since the 1940s, and has been shown to have a strong anti adhesive effect.

Since the effect of these regulators operates with a time lag, UNICEF must maintain a certain amount of cash as a liquidity provision.

The Convention has since been signed by 118 States and ratified by 15 it will come into effect after ratification by 30 countries.

Each one of these drivers has a different effect on growth. While technological progress clearly fosters growth, the rise of finance since the 1990s has probably had an adverse effect, via financial crises and the accumulation of debt.

The Government provided details of the rights ensured by the Aliens Act in effect since 1 January 2004, which regulates the stay, movement and work of foreign nationals in the country.

Fears over the effect of immigration on national values and on a coherent sense of American identity have existed since the nation s early years.

Effect in domestic territorial units

The Gender and Development Framework Programme (PCGeD), which has been in effect since 2000, has served to introduce an institutional framework specifically focused on the promotion of women and children.

The miracle of the OMT scheme is that, since it was announced a year ago, it has had its intended effect without ever being used.

But, while the oil and gas industry has grown significantly since 2007, it employs fewer than 200,000 people, implying a negligible effect even if employment in this sector doubled in the short run.

Whatever the cause, the effect of armed conflict on international environmental law has received more modern attention than the effect of armed conflict on any other kind of treaty, and marks the most significant development in the topic since the 1985 study by the Institut de droit international.

It also appeared that since the Russian crisis there has not been a contagion effect in the forms of drying up of credit or higher spreads for other emerging market countries.

Mr. Chung (Singapore) said that he could accept either the United States proposal or the German wording since their effect, as safe harbour provisions, was identical.

The reporting judge has a decisive effect on the outcome of a case, since he is the one who drafts the judgement and, in practice, decides the case, since, owing to the large number of cases in the provincial high courts, collegiality is purely a matter of form in most proceedings.

Since the Act came into effect in 1996, two out of five employers have adjusted their terms and conditions of employment and fringe benefits to combat unequal treatment based on working hours.

The cinema of the United States, often generally referred to as Hollywood, has had a profound effect on cinema across the world since the early 20th century.

Hong Kong political parties started to adopt this strategy since 2000 to overcome the effect of the largest remainder system with Hare quota combined with small constituencies (5 to 8 member in 2008).

Since, when negotiating treaties, States did not usually consider the effect that going to war might have on a given treaty, their intention in that regard might be absent or difficult to prove.

This is the Asef effect in action.

Article 18 Effect in domestic territorial units

Article 17. Effect in domestic territorial units

This increase has no separate climate effect, since we ve already promised to cut emissions by 20 . However, it does manage to make a poor policy decision dramatically worse.

The negative effect of the US financial setbacks on Indian stock markets, therefore, made little sense, since they bore no relation to the real value of Indian companies.

The State called a colonel of the State Security Investigation Sector to testify against the complainant, to the effect that the complainant had had a leading position since 1980 in the Jamaa group, as well as links since 1983 with Ayman al Zawahiri, a central figure of the group.

An effect happens in the air, it's a corrupting effect of the sound the ultrasound in this case that's emitted, but it's so predictable that you can produce very precise audio out of that effect.

No Effect

Substitution effect