These factors can make unsustainable practices more profitable than sustainable forest management.

This encourages unsustainable practices, hampers financing for sustainable forest management and contributes to deforestation.

The lack of mechanisms to compensate forest owners for environmental and social non market services encourages unsustainable practices, hampers financing for sustainable forest management and contributes to deforestation.

In order to reverse this trend, it will therefore be necessary to increase forest management and reafforestation and to control the most important factors contributing to forest loss (excessive tree felling, unsuitable planting practices and forest fires among others).

One way forward is for forest and agroforestry practices to focus on cultivating medicinal plants to meet these growing demands.

Although decentralization has achieved contradictory outcomes, in many cases it has contributed to improved equity in access to forest resources, the distribution of economic benefits from these resources, and to sustainable forest management practices.

While deforestation and unsustainable management practices can lead to increased water pollution, sustainable forest management in watersheds can help to protect supplies of freshwater.

(l) Strengthen mechanisms that enhance sharing among countries and the use of best practices in sustainable forest management, including through freeware based information and communications technology

The forest ecosystem and forest resources

In many countries, customary laws and practices allow women to access land and enable them to engage in and benefit from agricultural, livestock and forest based production.

Forest operations and the forest industry provide employment and income to millions of workers and forest dwellers.

(f) Support the protection and use of traditional forest related knowledge and practices in sustainable forest management with the approval and involvement of the holders of such knowledge, and promote fair and equitable sharing of benefits from their utilization, in accordance with national legislation and relevant international agreements

Promote genuine community based forest management that empowers forest peoples.

While forest biodiversity continues to decline as a result of deforestation, forest degradation and associated fragmentation of forest habitats, strong efforts are now being made to reverse this trend by restoring the forest functions in degraded forest landscapes.

C. Greater recognition of sustainable forest management and forest products trade

Forest fiscal reform provides opportunities to increase revenues generated from forest resources.

However, they are likely to differ in forest rich and forest poor countries.

Sustainable forest management

Sustainable forest management

Reverse the loss of forest cover worldwide through sustainable forest management, including protection, restoration, afforestation and reforestation, and increase efforts to prevent forest degradation

Implementation of national forest programmes. The proposals for action have effectively shaped the national forest programmes and their equivalents in many countries, and these national forest programmes have become national institutional frameworks for achieving sustainable forest management.

A forest may consist either of closed forest formations where trees of various storeys and undergrowth cover a high proportion of the ground or open forest.

One Forest, Two Tigers

Financing sustainable forest management

Forest related scientific knowledge

Forest health and productivity

International Forest Policy Forum

Bridal Veil Falls (DuPont State Forest) waterfall located in the DuPont State Forest in North Carolina.

In complementary development of forest production a multi purposeful interest of sustainable forest development is sought.

Enhance forest based economic, social and environmental benefits, including by improving the livelihoods of forest dependent people

The Viphya Forest to the south of the city is the largest man made forest in Africa.

Silence reigned in the forest.

U.S. Forest Service Ax Manual

Progress towards sustainable forest management

Combating deforestation and forest degradation

Stronger coordination of forest policies

On the other hand, illegal forest related activities continue to be a major threat to sustainable forest management.

Out of the total area of Bosnia and Herzegovina (5,113,000 hectares), forests and forest land account for 53 per cent (2,700,770 hectares or 0.71 hectares of forest and forest land per capita).

Reaffirming the special needs and requirements of countries with fragile forest ecosystems, including those of low forest cover countries,

The forest covers an area of 30,000 dunams (30 square kilometers), and is the largest planted forest in Israel.

(l) Forest ethics and corporate responsibility

International trade and sustainable forest management

Forest governance in Federal Systems (Contreras)

d. National forest policy and programs

Advances in forest partnerships and processes