The Panel finds that there was damage to Kuwait's shoreline resources as a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation.

The Panel also finds that all the expenses were incurred as a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

In the view of the Panel, these reductions were, at least in part, a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

The Panel finds that the damage to Saudi Arabia's intertidal shoreline habitats is a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

Similarly, paragraph 34 of Governing Council decision 7 provides that compensation is available with respect to any direct loss, damage or injury to Governments as a direct result of Iraq's unlawful invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

They typically arose from the alleged payment or provision of relief to others as a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

This is because the Panel cannot determine whether the loss was a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait, since an equity claim may relate to assets that were not lost as a result of the invasion.

The Panel has previously stated that Iraq is not liable either for damage that was unrelated to its invasion and occupation of Kuwait or for losses or expenses that are not a direct result of the invasion and occupation.

Furthermore, Saudi Arabia has not produced sufficient evidence to establish that the crop losses were a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

Other claimants did not provide sufficient evidence to prove that the injury or death occurred as a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

Iraq states that Jordan has not established that the alleged increase in its crime rate was a direct result of the invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

Furthermore, Saudi Arabia has not produced sufficient evidence to establish that the asserted crop losses were a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

In each case, the Panel reviewed the evidence to determine whether the claimant established that the losses were a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

According to Iraq, the information and data provided by Jordan do not show that any of the alleged losses were a direct result of the invasion and occupation.

In the view of the Panel, it is likely that some people in Kuwait were deprived of opportunities for recreational activities at beaches and at sea during and after Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait, and that this was a direct result of the invasion and occupation.

Claimants asserted that they were unable to retrieve the funds, cash the cheques or obtain payment on the notes as a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

The Panel, therefore, finds that Saudi Arabia has not provided sufficient evidence to substantiate losses to its fisheries resources as a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

The Panel finds that the claimant has established that he was arrested, imprisoned and suffered personal injuries and other losses as a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

Iraq states that, although there may be a causal link between the invasion and occupation and some occurrence of PTSD in Kuwait, Kuwait's evidence does not establish a valid estimate of the number of persons in Kuwait who suffered from PTSD as a direct result of the invasion and occupation.

This claimant seeks compensation in the amount of USD 171,000,600 for D8 D9 business losses allegedly sustained by his unincorporated business as a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

In the view of the Panel, Iran has not provided sufficient evidence to establish a direct link between the alleged damage to its cultural heritage and Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

The Panel, therefore, finds that Iran has failed to demonstrate that the claimed increase in the number of treatments for these diseases was a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

The Panel finds that Kuwait's use of computer models is an acceptable approach to estimate damage to aquatic resources that probably occurred as a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

However, the evidence submitted by Kuwait is not sufficient to demonstrate either that 35 premature deaths actually occurred or that any such premature deaths were the direct result of the invasion and occupation.

However, the evidence submitted by Saudi Arabia is not sufficient to enable the Panel to determine whether there was any increase in those diseases as a direct result of the invasion and occupation.

However, the evidence submitted by Saudi Arabia is not sufficient to demonstrate either that any premature deaths actually occurred or that any such deaths were the direct result of the invasion and occupation.

Having regard to the totality of the evidence, the Panel finds that the claimant has not established the loss of tangible business property as a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

The Panel, therefore, finds that the damage is a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait in accordance with paragraph 16 of Security Council resolution 687 (1991) and Governing Council decision 7.

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The Panel is satisfied that the claimant and his two children suffered injuries as a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait and recommends an award of compensation for medical expenses and MPA.

The Panel, therefore, finds that Saudi Arabia has not provided sufficient evidence to establish that the livestock losses in the Al Hassa region occurred as a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

Other claimants backdated post invasion documents to make them appear to have been created pre invasion.

In respect of core and peripheral disturbance areas and the areas damaged by roads, the Panel found, in the fourth F4 instalment, that the damage was a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

In the case of Khalifa and Hanafi Transport Trading Company, the claimant seeks compensation for the loss of 33 motor vehicles, which it alleges were lost as a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

The claimant alleges that the contracts were in each case interrupted as a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait and seeks compensation for the loss of profit it expected to earn under the contracts.

1) provides guidance regarding the losses or expenses that may be considered as direct loss, damage, or injury resulting from Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait in accordance with paragraph 16 of Security Council resolution 687 (1991).

The Panel, therefore, finds that expenses incurred by Kuwait in treating such PTSD cases constitute direct losses resulting from Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait, within the meaning of paragraph 16 of Security Council resolution 687 (1991).

Whether or not any environmental damage or loss for which compensation is claimed was a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait will depend on the evidence presented in relation to each particular loss or damage.

Security Council resolution 687 (1991) states that Iraq is liable under international law for any direct loss, damage, including environmental damage and the depletion of natural resources as a result of Iraq's unlawful invasion and occupation of Kuwait .

Even if the findings of Saudi Arabia's expert were to be accepted, there is no evidence to show a direct link between the claimed lead and sulphur poisoning of the camels and Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

At the time of the invasion, Napoleon was at the height of his power with virtually all of continental Europe either under his direct control or held by countries defeated by his empire and under treaties favorable for France.

Certainly, Polish resistance was the largest resistance till German invasion of Yugoslavia and invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941.

Saudi Arabia also constructs a second growth trend from 1980 to 2001, incorporating both pre invasion and post invasion data with a view to determining the impact of the invasion and occupation on fish catches.

At the time of the German invasion, Greece was at war with Italy, following the Italian invasion on 28 October 1940.

In its original claim, the claimant produced photocopies of 35 deregistration certificates , which purported to show its ownership of these vehicles as at 2 August 1990 and their loss as a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.