The presence and participation of civil society has clearly enhanced the legitimacy, accountability and transparency of the United Nations.

Recently, accountability has become an important topic in the discussion about the legitimacy of international institutions.

Because their accountability to national electorates is indirect and uncertain, they do not generate the political allegiance and hence legitimacy that truly representative institutions require.

Other examples include the principle of legitimacy accountability for both States and their leaders the principle of solidarity responsibility and the stronger emphasis on the promotion of democracy.

Legitimacy and Elections

Expressing surprise and concern over the adoption by the American Congress of the Bill on the Accountability of Syria, and the executive order signed by the US president on 11 5 2004 imposing unilateral sanctions, outside international legitimacy

Accountability and oversight

Autonomy and accountability

Accountability and transparency

Transparency and accountability ___________

Accountability and incentives

Legitimacy and validity of documents

Enhancing oversight and accountability

Establish accountability and incentives

C. Transparency and accountability

Accountability

Accountability

Decentralization requires accountability at all levels and corresponding multiple accountability mechanisms elections alone are insufficient.

The world needs true accountability, not empty words about accountability.

Limited or not, this is a transfer of fiscal responsibility to the European level. And it is difficult to imagine how the report s call for democratic accountability and legitimacy in the decision making process can be met without a full fledged political union.

Fifa s declining accountability and credibility

(i) Accountability, audit and oversight

Developing police independence and accountability.

Strengthening integrity, transparency and accountability

Strengthening integrity, transparency and accountability

Monitoring, evaluation and accountability mechanisms

1 Rejecting the so called Accountability of Syria Bill and considering it in contradiction with the principles of international law, the resolutions of international legitimacy and the Charter of the Organization of the Islamic Conference and a forcing of the US laws on international law

Accountability framework

Finance s Crisis of Legitimacy

If it is to meet those conditions efficiency, legitimacy and accountability the reform of the Security Council must be a product of broad intergovernmental negotiation in which the current deficiencies of the system and of the collective strategies to address threats are clearly exposed.

Legitimacy and stability are inseparable in practice, because maintaining stability in the absence of legitimacy would ultimately require Tiananmen style repression.

(a) Promoting ethics, transparency and accountability

Individual disciplinary, financial and criminal accountability

Accountability provisions for monitoring and evaluating

It lacks legitimacy and its members are unknown.

This process facilitates systemic change and political legitimacy.

Core competencies and organizational accountability and support.

The first is the growing shift in the Middle East, and elsewhere, from rejection of Israel s legitimacy to rejection of Zionism s legitimacy.

(c) Accountability framework.

The accountability framework

E. Accountability mechanisms

Panel 3 Methods and instruments of accountability.

That legal framework should be complemented by agreed criteria on the legitimacy of military force, which we understand not to be legally binding, as a means of enhancing the Security Council's accountability to Member States in its decision making on those topics.

So legitimacy is more than legality.

Political Islam s Loss of Democratic Legitimacy