Debt constrained structural adjustment policies compounded the problem through a decline in agricultural investment.

Any structural adjustment is painful.

Also decides to replace the phrase effects of structural adjustment policies by effects of economic reform policies in the title of the mandate of this current special procedure

This process of structural adjustment is still going on.

From 1960 to 1973, African Governments pursued activist policies in protecting industries and defending livelihoods, but the 1973 oil crisis led to serious indebtedness, worsened by the International Monetary Fund's structural adjustment policies.

If the Governments of the region continue to be told to implement failed structural adjustment policies, Africa will continue to finance the opulence of rich countries.

There is no escape from the need for domestic structural adjustment.

In the Latin America and Caribbean region a series of stabilization and structural adjustment reform policies have been implemented to ensure high and steady growth rates, but these policies have been frustrated by periodic financial and macroeconomic instability.

LIDLIP made a number of oral presentations. In one, linking the questions of globalization and transnational corporations, it called on the Sub Commission to study the impact and consequences of globalization and of neoliberal policies and structural adjustment policies.

To attain the agreed development objectives, there must be a renunciation of the ill conceived policies imposed on a number of developing countries under structural adjustment programmes begun three decades ago.

In fact, where structural weaknesses are the source of problems, the Fund should still require structural adjustment as the price of its assistance.

In view of the need for structural adjustment, the PBC should maintain a tight monetary stance.

So, what America needs now is not just a recovery in demand, but also structural adjustment.

And it cannot produce structural adjustment at all until a demand recovery is well under way.

During recent decades, development thinking has shifted from modernization and structural adjustment programs to poverty reduction.

Further stresses that the economic programmes arising from foreign debt relief and cancellation must not reproduce past structural adjustment policies that have not worked, such as dogmatic demands for privatization and reduced public services

Could anything be done to accelerate adjustment in the eurozone s periphery? The official recipe is structural reform.

Indeed, by the late 2000 s owing partly to the structural adjustment policies pushed by the international financial institutions manufacturing as a share of GDP in developing African economies was lower than it was in 1980.

(p) In connection with item 10 Mr. B.A. Nyamwaya Mudho, independent expert on the effects of structural adjustment policies and foreign debt on the full enjoyment of all human rights, particularly economic, social and cultural rights

To curb the public deficits that such policies entail, the franc zone countries underwent drastic structural adjustment programs throughout the 1980 s and 1990 s, under the auspices of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.

Fiscal adjustment and structural reform without financing is more fragile and liable to fail without a war chest of liquidity to prevent a run on public debt while the appropriate policies are implemented and gradually gain credibility.

These, together with the external shocks triggered by the volatility of speculative capital flows, drastic terms of trade adjustments and even inflows of remittances, make the potential benefits of structural adjustment and stabilization policies difficult to attain.

So China has reached a crucial juncture without painful structural adjustment, its economic growth momentum can suddenly be lost.

The US economy is relatively flexible, and this kind of structural adjustment in the private sector occurs reasonably quickly.

Unfortunately, given high inflation, structural adjustment has been postponed, with efforts to control credit expansion becoming the government s first priority.

The aggressive policies that they are following, however, could jeopardize the process of adjustment.

The policies needed to do so vary by country and involve structural shifts.

And then the government needs to focus more attention on structural adjustment the only effective cure for China s 3.2 trillion headache.

This, in turn, could delay needed improvements in financial regulation, balance sheet repair by banks, structural economic reform, and fiscal adjustment.

Nor have stabilization and structural adjustment programs, imposed since the 1980 s, delivered on their promise of achieving higher economic growth.

First, in the past, short term macroeconomic stability was often achieved at the expense of structural adjustment and rational allocation of resources.

A longer term view is required, because the US is facing a structural adjustment challenge that will be accompanied by high unemployment.

And while greater sensitivity to institutional factors is emerging, it is essential that the new emphasis on poverty alleviation be founded on a careful and frank independent assessment of the effects of macroeconomic and structural adjustment policies on growth, distribution and poverty.

(a) Analytical report of the independent expert on the effects of structural adjustment policies and foreign debt on the full enjoyment of all human rights, in particular economic, social and cultural rights (resolution 2003 21, para. 12, and 2004 18, para. 18)

(a) Analytical report of the independent expert on the effects of structural adjustment policies and foreign debt on the full enjoyment of all human rights, in particular economic, social and cultural rights (resolution 2003 21, para. 12, and 2004 18, para. 18)

A self sustaining recovery is, of course, possible, but it presupposes a massive structural adjustment aimed at restoring US competitiveness in global markets.

We deplore the conditionalities applied to structural adjustment programmes, which compel countries to open their markets and their natural resources to foreign investment.

Reaffirms that the exercise of the basic rights of the people of debtor countries to food, housing, clothing, employment, education, health services and a healthy environment cannot be subordinated to the implementation of structural adjustment policies, growth programmes and economic reforms arising from the debt

This extreme free market ideology, also called structural adjustment, went against the practical lessons of development successes in China and the rest of Asia.

The key point is not that manufacturing jobs are somehow better, but rather that we must consider the asymmetry in the structural adjustment process.

In fact, even as China s economy has boomed over the past decade, structural adjustment in its domestic sectors slowed, mainly owing to political constraints.

In order to continue to obtain credit, they have to undergo structural adjustment, which, instead of modernizing them, only makes them more unstable politically.

But this can and should be addressed by domestic policies aimed at bringing about structural change, not by external policies like exchange rate appreciation.

Turkey s bureaucrats, politicians, and citizens united to fulfill the Copenhagen criteria for EU membership and tolerated the pain of the IMF directed structural adjustment programs.

The Gambia was currently implementing a structural adjustment programme and under its provisions could not obtain financing for a desperately needed public health care system.