The economist Menzie Chinn, using purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates, reckoned the renminbi s undervaluation to be 40 .

They are, however, using the module for purchasing power parity calculations.

The new data are based on improved estimates of purchasing power parity (PPP).

Thus, normal re equilibration to purchasing power parity should give the dollar slight upward momentum.

At that price, the dollar was undervalued by roughly 10 relative to its purchasing power parity (PPP).

Purchasing power parity measures a country s income using a set of international prices applied to all economies.

Is it the economy? Well, we have now the fifth largest economy in the world in purchasing power parity terms.

In terms of purchasing power parity, per capita income in middle income countries is still about 15 of that of developed nations.

And, when measured in terms of purchasing power parity, China s GDP will reach that of the US around 2015, thus changing the world s balance of economic power.

Europe also became nervous after the euro exchange rate rose to more than 1.40, far beyond the purchasing power parity (PPP) rate of 1.17.

In 2011, Norway and Luxemburg were the only European countries with higher per capita national income than the US in purchasing power parity terms.

On the other hand, critics point out that the world today is poor average annual GDP per capita at purchasing power parity is roughly 7,000.

As a result, India s per capita income of 2,900 (in purchasing power parity terms) is one half of China s and one fifteenth that of the US.

The region s success has been underpinned by dynamic growth in China and India, which account for almost 60 of the continent s total GDP in purchasing power parity terms.

And China, where income per person is one eighth the level of the US (adjusted for purchasing power parity), is simply too poor to become the new hegemony.

The key word here is should. Today s 100 million Mexicans have real incomes at purchasing power parity of roughly 10,000 per year, a quarter of the current US level.

Most Parties that reported belonged to the low income group, with GDP per capita in some cases less than USD 500 (in 1995 prices adjusted for purchasing power parity).

But many analysts have challenged estimates that rely on the World Bank s current poverty line, raised in 2008 from 1 to 1.25 per day, in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms.

And, by using purchasing power parity, which measures the cost of the same basket of goods and services in different countries, economists can adjust GDP to gain better insight into living standards.

SINGAPORE In 2016, China s share of the global economy will be larger than America s in purchasing price parity terms.

But the World Bank s poverty line of 1.25 per day (in purchasing power parity terms), which is used in measuring progress toward the MDGs poverty reduction target, is not the only relevant threshold.

From 2000 to 2008, these four countries share of global output rose rapidly, from 16 to 22 (in purchasing power parity terms), and their economies performed better than average in the subsequent global recession.

It may be difficult for China to ever match the success of a small Asian country like Singapore, which has already overtaken the US in terms of GDP per capita as measured by purchasing power parity.

The following list is of world economies sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP), the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year, adjusted by purchasing power parity (PPP), in US Dollars.

In an age of soaring oil costs, a few countries have made a real difference in energy efficiency. The OECD countries, on average, use 160 kilograms of oil equivalent energy for every 1,000 of GDP (measured at purchasing power parity).

A measure of South Korea s success is that it was the first country to make the transition from being a recipient of OECD aid to becoming a donor, with per capita GDP today exceeding 30,000 (in purchasing power parity terms).

That can t happen without increased wages and purchasing power for workers.

Moreover, falling commodity prices will also help increase household purchasing power.

The lower dollar also reduces the purchasing power of oil exporters.

To these factors the speaker added the people's low purchasing power.

Although gender parity in primary education has improved, dropout rates for girls are higher than for boys.

BEIJING Is China poised to surpass the United States to become the world s largest economy? The International Monetary Fund recently predicted that the size of China s economy would overtake that of the US in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP) by 2016.

, Japan is the third largest national economy in the world, after the United States and China, in terms of nominal GDP, and the fourth largest national economy in the world, after the United States, China and India, in terms of purchasing power parity.

Thus, in principle, the purchasing power for the extra output would be available.

A 20 dollar depreciation would therefore reduce Americans purchasing power by only 3 .

Indeed, these reports challenge the prevailing approach, which has left more than one billion people living below the poverty line (defined as the purchasing power parity equivalent of 1.25 per day in 2005), and has failed to prevent economic growth from stalling in most countries.

Sarkozy, who during his electoral campaign vowed to be the president who delivers on purchasing power, now faces an angry French public whose primary complaint is that purchasing power is being eroded by inflation.

Sarkozy, who during his electoral campaign vowed to be the president who delivers on purchasing power, now faces an angry French public whose primary complaint is that purchasing power is being eroded by inflation.

Will gold maintain its purchasing power value if inflation erodes the purchasing power of the dollar or the euro? And will gold hold its value in euros or yen if the dollar continues to decline?

Chile currently has a per capita GDP of 15,000, after adjusting for purchasing power.

Fluctuations in exchange markets result in gains and losses in the purchasing power of reserves.

Real values are a measure of purchasing power net of any price changes over time.

This is eroding the external surplus, weakening domestic purchasing power, and causing investments to be postponed.

The purchasing power of the population is steadily deteriorating, resulting in successive strikes by civil servants.

Urbanization is a building block for consumption, because it provides powerful leverage to Chinese households purchasing power.