Banks on the list must keep higher reserves, and maintain more liquidity, reflecting their status as systemically important institutions.

Forests and trees are also often key reserves of fodder that help maintain livestock during periods of extended drought.

Banks are obliged to hold reserves, maintain capital, and pay deposit insurance to ensure that they can honor their deposits.

Therefore, a central bank must continually increase the amount of its reserves to maintain the same power to manipulate exchange rates.

And, to address volatile capital flows, countries should increase exchange rate flexibility, maintain adequate international reserves, and implement carefully designed capital controls.

Thus, they would minimize the deterioration in their trade surpluses, maintain competitive exchange rates, and safeguard their foreign reserves and net creditor positions.

If money market funds had to maintain capital reserves, industry representatives argued, yields to investors would decline and the industry s profits would suffer.

The interest rate on these totally safe and liquid deposits induced the banks to maintain excess reserves at the Fed instead of lending and creating deposits to absorb the increased reserves, as they would have done before 2008.

The central lesson taken from that crisis was to maintain large foreign exchange reserves. This became a virtual article of faith among East Asian governments.

Second, China s fiscal surplus, growing foreign exchange reserves, and high savings rate have ensured the financial resources needed to maintain adequate investment and sufficiently rapid growth.

In order to maintain a tight relationship between the renminbi and the dollar, China had to recycle a disproportionate share of its foreign exchange reserves into dollar based assets.

Reserves

As long as Asia holds its foreign reserves in dollars China s desire to maintain a stable value for the reminbi will continue to offer tremendous advantages for trade and economic development.

The country has the world's largest natural gas reserves, the 8th largest oil reserves, and the second largest coal reserves.

Africa s natural gas reserves amount to about 8 of global reserves.

(l) Other reserves

(j) Operating reserves

(g) Transfers to reserves

Other reserves comprise the following

Second, countries with large accumulations of dollar reserves will be shifting substantial fractions of those reserves into euros.

The proposals that the SEC rejected were aimed at making money market funds more robust by requiring that each fund maintain capital reserves or let its value float and not be rounded up to reflect its true, underlying risk.

Covering this drop in reserves more than half of gas reserves and a fifth of oil reserves have been consumed with imports implies an annual cost of more than 300 billion.

a Including earmarked reserves, the total reserves are 70 million for 2002, 93 million for 2003 and 68 million for 2004.

It is estimated that the Norwegian section alone contains 54 of the sea's oil reserves and 45 of its gas reserves.

a Including earmarked reserves, the total reserves are 70 million for 2002, 93 million for 2003 and 68 million for 2004.

It has 10 of global oil reserves.

According to some estimates, Kazakhstan has the second largest uranium, chromium, lead, and zinc reserves, the third largest manganese reserves, the fifth largest copper reserves, and ranks in the top ten for coal, iron, and gold.

Africa is estimated to hold more than 10 of global oil reserves and one third of reserves of cobalt and base metals.

These reserves were the largest in the world until Venezuela announced they had increased their proven reserves to 297 Gbbl in January 2011.

Reserve component National Guard reserves overwhelmingly Sys Admin.

Money put into reserves is income not spent.

Selling 2 trillion of reserves will take years.

Smaller reserves are found in the United States.

Table 6 Comparison of reserves and staff liabilities

STATEMENT OF ASSETS, LIABILITIES, RESERVES AND FUND BALANCES

With the reserves long term effects on China s internal economic dynamics finally taking hold, selling off foreign exchange reserves is now in China s interest.

The US Federal Reserve Board has pumped out trillions of dollars of reserves, but never have so many reserves produced so little monetary growth.

Besides the largest conventional oil reserves and the second largest natural gas reserves in the Western Hemisphere, Venezuela has non conventional oil deposits (extra heavy crude oil, bitumen and tar sands) approximately equal to the world's reserves of conventional oil.

First, unlike in some other countries, Chinese commercial banks are paid reasonable interest rates on required reserves, except for the extra reserves that they hold.

But, while the buildup of reserves currently around 7.6 trillion in emerging and developing economies protected them, money going into reserves was money not spent.

During QE2 (from November 2010 to July 2011), the Fed added a total of 557.9 billion to reserves, and excess reserves grew by 546.5 billion.

Jordan proposes to remediate the damage to its rangelands by creating and managing 185,000 hectares of rangeland reserves and wildlife reserves in the Eastern Badia.

Despite all this, massive excess bank reserves remain unlent.

Forest reserves are more plentiful in Indonesia and Brazil.

The city has the largest gas reserves in Iran.