Without such investment, the demand for reactive measures can only increase.

The good news for Germany is that investment demand is now growing, too.

Investment would increase as demand prospects improved.

As a result, with investment demand remaining robust, inflation could spread.

Rebalancing demand, from investment and exports to domestic consumption

Nearly all unemployment in a cyclical downturn was the result of the failure of investment demand.

As the current boom in the world economy is largely fueled by investment demand rather consumption demand, only Germany profits from it to full measure.

When countries suffer from low investment demand, freeing up capital inflows does not do much good.

And, as GDP growth has become increasingly dependent on government led investment, currency demand has continued to rise.

Second, the Chinese production mix does not correspond to domestic demand, and investment in long products has outpaced demand growth.

On the business side, investment and employment follows demand once the inventory cycle has run its course.

China s economy is prone to rapid growth, with buoyant investment demand sustaining powerful short term inflationary pressures.

The government is using a variety of instruments, including financial sector credit discipline, to rein in investment demand.

But, given increasing capacity utilization in the export industries, as well as higher investment requirements owing to the normal capital replacement cycle, domestic investment demand is now also rising.

In order to curb investment demand, tighter credit rationing and monetary policy are inevitable in 2008, while investment projects and land use will be subject to more rigorous control.

German multinationals like Siemens and Daimler are ratcheting up investment to meet both emerging market and domestic demand.

Economic scarcity, meanwhile, is caused by a lack of investment in water or insufficient human capacity to satisfy the demand for water.

By the end of the year, however, the costs of the structural adjustment needed to shift China s growth model away from investment demand could rise further.

The demand side measures focused on the removal of a number of specific barriers to investment, as well as on the improvement of the information provided to investors.

Rebalancing demand, from investment and exports to domestic consumption

This did not work very well, because investment was constrained by deficient domestic aggregate demand relative to capacity.

China s real estate investment accounted for 10 of GDP, and slower investment growth in the sector necessarily reduces import demand, directly and indirectly.

Faced with sluggish external demand, weak domestic consumption, rising labor costs, and low productivity, China depends excessively on investment to drive economic growth.

The world may enter a new era in which investment demand exceeds desired savings which means that real interest rates must rise.

But the opposite of the excessive consumption model excessive reliance on investment to generate aggregate demand is also a self limiting growth pattern.

Energy demand

Both contribute to aggregate domestic demand, and the structural shifts on the supply side will be driven by the right mix of aggregate demand, with the low return component on the investment side removed.

Achieving a sustainable pattern of growth requires choices that affect not just the level of aggregate demand, but also its composition for example, investment versus consumption.

It was noted that donor countries and multilateral financial institutions had been active in supporting these efforts and in providing debt guarantees to catalyse local private financing, ranging from microfinance to local currency bonds for infrastructure investment.

To be sure, the prolonged rapid increase in Chinese aggregate demand has been fueled by an investment boom, as well as a growing trade surplus.

However, to the extent that public investment grows, aggregate demand increases correspondingly, generating some growth and creating a cushion against recession.

In addition, a number of supply side and demand side measures have been undertaken in accordance with the IPR's recommendations.

As stated in the report, foreign direct investment flows to Africa are meagre and lopsided, with the greater portion going to investment in natural resource exploitation, driven by a strong global demand.

So China is stuck in a currency creating cycle GDP growth encourages investment, which boosts demand for capital.

We have met this demand.

The Commission on Narcotic Drugs,

Demand for treatment

III. DEMAND FOR DOCUMENTATION

Control over ordering of products

The emergence of institutional investors, such as pension funds and insurance companies, can encourage the development of stock markets, being an important source of demand for financial assets.

To invest again with dignity.

The Government would be following up on the implementation of the recommendations of the IPR, which related to modernizing the FDI entry regime, strengthening Board of Investment (BOI) core functions and reforming the tax regime on investment.

The greater the demand for oil and gas from these regions, the more likely these regions are to seek higher prices, and to maintain them by deferring investment and limiting production.

Although the concept of selective investment was not a new one with the demand side of the investment market having a long history of those wishing to control the effects of their investments, what began to develop at the turn of the 21st century was a response from the supply side of the equation.

Although high oil prices and a relatively cheap ruble initially drove this growth, since 2003 consumer demand and, more recently, investment have played a significant role.