That, in turn, indicates a high demographic dependency ratio.

The dependency ratio in the developed world is currently under 5 children and elderly persons per 10 adults of working age but it is rising and is expected to reach 7 by 2050.

However, China has a smaller proportion of children (22 per cent) than India (29 per cent) and China's dependency ratio, that is to say, the number of children and elderly persons per 10 persons of working age, is 4 compared with India's dependency ratio, which is 6.

Such circumstances include, first, a high debt GDP ratio, with rising interest rates impeding growth.

Likewise, China s debt GDP ratio is rising, though it remains within the safe boundary of 60 and is considerably lower than the ratio in most developed economies.

To see why, consider the tax rate necessary to pay for social benefits, which equals the replacement rate (the average level of benefits relative to taxpayer incomes) multiplied by the dependency ratio (the share of the population receiving the benefits). The higher the replacement rate and or dependency ratio, the higher the tax rate needed to pay for the benefits.

However, over the long run, the demographic bonus dissipates as the population continues to age and the dependency ratio rises again because of increasing proportions of elderly persons.

But Japanese nationalism is also fed by anxieties and frustrations specifically, fear of rising Chinese power and Japan s total dependency on the US for its national security.

Rising oil prices are due to the sharp increase in demand by the major consumers, which have not adopted effective policies to reduce their dependency on hydrocarbons.

Dependency handling

E. Dependency allowances

B. Dependency allowances

An i dependency link

The expenditure ratio between programmes (substantive work) and infrastructure (support activities) is improving, rising from 76 24 in the biennium 2002 2003 to 77 23 in the biennium 2004 2005 to a projected 79 21 ratio in the biennium 2006 2007.

But the collapse of GDP has necessarily implied a rising debt ratio, driving the country into a recessionary spiral as economic contraction forces further spending cuts.

Dependency information will be shown.

Dependency allowances (net per annum)

Dependency allowances (net per annum)

(d) Reduced oil import dependency

But that simply shifts leverage to the public sector, with any reduction in the ratio of private debt to GDP more than matched by an increase in the public debt ratio witness the Irish and Spanish governments high and rising debt burdens.

Rising dependency ratios are also expected in China over the next 40 years but not in India, Latin America and the Caribbean and the rest of the developing world taken as a whole.

toggle the display of dependency information

Dependency information will not be shown.

For starters, it is likely that the contribution to output growth of the rising ratio of working age people prior to 2010 was overestimated. That makes the subsequent decline in the ratio an inaccurate measure with which to determine the negative impact on economic performance.

Given a lower growth rate, China s fiscal position will deteriorate gradually at first, and then rapidly with the public debt GDP ratio eventually rising to an unsustainable level.

Experience suggests that China s external position is highly sensitive to global conditions, with the surplus GDP ratio rising during boom times for the world economy and falling during slumps.

The following actions will resolve this dependency

No solution to these dependency problems exists!

It was probably a dependency of Syracuse.

Select the next solution to the dependency problems.

Select the previous solution to the dependency problems.

Select the first solution to the dependency problems.

Overall pressure ratio is 28.0, with a bypass ratio of 4.66.

Overall pressure ratio is 30.4, with a bypass ratio of 5.15.

The alternative forecast implies that the annual budget deficit at the end of ten years will be back up to 4.7 of GDP, with the debt GDP ratio at 83 and rising.

Aspect ratio

Aspect ratio

Keep ratio

Aspect ratio

Golden Ratio

Custom ratio

The ratio of the two is called the gyromagnetic ratio and is simply the half of the charge to mass ratio.

Examine the currently selected solution to the dependency problems.

(b) The dependency on a small number of donors.

China is fourth and rising in terms of international patent applications. At the same time, China is targeting a research and development share of GDP of 2.2 by 2015 double the ratio in 2002.