The RMB appreciated by 18.6 in real effective terms, and by 16 in dollar terms, from June 2005 to August 2008.

Dollar depreciation improves Europe s terms of trade and real income.

This reflected a decrease in real terms, due to inflation and the devaluation of the dollar.

This reflected a decrease in real terms, due to inflation and the devaluation of the dollar.

As a result, in US dollar terms, import demand grew by 38.7 , outpacing export growth of 31 .

Unless the renminbi falls in value, this translates into an average nominal increase of at least 10 11 in dollar terms.

One might think that foreign investors would quake in terror at these terms and shy away from dollar denominated assets.

Presumably as a result, the dollar has lost value relative to other major currencies or in terms of purchasing power.

Given the depreciation of the United States dollar against the euro over the past two years, the near zero growth in euro terms leads, in United States dollar terms, to a nominal increase of 22.0 per cent at the time of preparation of this budget proposal (see paragraph 10 above).

But this time, with the dollar appreciating against other major currencies in recent months, the relatively fixed rate between the dollar and the renminbi has caused China s currency to strengthen in terms of its real effective rate.

An across the board reduction in tax rates performs poorly in terms of budgetary effectiveness (the number of jobs created per dollar of foregone revenue).

The first answer, of course, is that the trade weighted dollar has fallen by more than 15 in real terms since its peak in early 2002.

Dark bars represents aid to sub Saharan Africa light bars, aid to North Africa. The aid is in net disbursement terms, at current dollar values.

Some view Greece as Argentina revisited, noting the stunning parallels with the country that in 2001 set the record for the world s largest default (in dollar terms).

Seventeen donor countries and EU increased their contributions in 2003.7 Of the countries that registered increases in funding levels, three countries had actually decreased their contributions in terms of their local currency, but showed an increase in terms of the United States dollar.

In terms of a low medium high cost rating it depends on what each break point might be in dollar terms, but annual cost increases to achieve the increased reliability levels could be anywhere in the order of magnitude from 10 50 .

As a result, the requirements in euro terms under the Staff costs items in the proposed core budget are higher by 2.5 per cent than the provision in the current budget, corresponding to an increase of 24.4 per cent in United States dollar terms.

7 Note should be made of the currency fluctuations in the course of 2003 that may have played a role in the increase in terms of the United States dollar.

Overall, China s trade surplus has decreased by 36 in absolute US dollar terms, and has dropped by more than half (53 ) in proportion to GDP over the past two years.

Yet, even as Japan s exports became much more expensive in dollar terms and its imports much cheaper in yen, its trade surplus rose from 6 billion in 1971 to 80 billion in 1989.

Over the year ending in July, The Economist s commodity price index fell by 16.5 in dollar terms (22.4 in euros) with metal prices falling for more than two years since peaking in early 2011.

A first reason to doubt projections of a stronger dollar is that none of the news on which they are based is really news. The expectation of relatively strong US growth is already being reflected in the markets, with the dollar up 9 in trade weighted terms since mid 2014.

Yet the dollar remains at a relatively high value less than 20 below its early 2001 highs and more than 10 higher in real terms than in the early to mid 1990's.

And I also know that the complementary pressures on Europe to import funds, and on surplus countries to diversify their currency holdings, will make European travel increasingly expensive in dollar terms.

According to the Millennium Project, the investment costs for the Goals alone in a typical low income country will be roughly 75 per capita in 2006, rising to approximately 140 in 2015 (in constant dollar terms).

Currency manipulation. Since China reformed its exchange rate regime in July 2005, the renminbi has risen 32 relative to the dollar and about 30 in inflation adjusted terms against a broad basket of currencies.

D Estaing was incensed that the US seemed to be able to flood the world with dollar currency and debt without ever seeming to pay a price in terms of higher inflation or interest rates.

The first answer, of course, is that the trade weighted dollar has fallen by more than 15 in real terms since its peak in early 2002. Yet the US deficits have persisted, and even risen, since then.

As such, the Spanish dollar was worth slightly more than the U.S. dollar, and likewise, the Newfoundland dollar, until 1895, was worth slightly more than the Canadian colonial dollar.

Bottom Dollar

The Dollar

The Peace dollar is a United States dollar coin minted from 1921 to 1928, and again in 1934 and 1935.

After the Dollar

China s Dollar Problem

The Falling Dollar

Two Dollar Fallacies

The weaker dollar also reduces the risk of future dollar decline, because it means that the dollar has to fall less in the future to shift the trade balance to a sustainable level.

Liberia used the United States dollar as its currency from 1943 until 1982 and continues to use the U.S. dollar alongside the Liberian dollar.

Netanyahu thinks in bold military terms, not in terms of geopolitical strategy.

(v) Gain loss on exchange arises from transactions conducted in currencies other than dollars (i.e. for the dollar based extrabudgetary technical cooperation activities in annex I, dollar statements) and the revaluation of assets and liabilities held in non dollar currencies.

A dollar was worth 200 yen in 1980. Twenty five years later, the exchange rate had strengthened to 110 yen per dollar.

In other terms, a budget is an organizational plan stated in monetary terms.

Common terms Many terms used in karate stem from Japanese culture.

As a result, the US current account deficit in 2013 had narrowed by half in dollar terms from its 2006 peak, and from 5.8 of GDP to 2.4 . This is a decline of two thirds when expressed as a share of global output.

The Fed s Dollar Distraction