The effect will be much the same as a currency appreciation.

It was predictable that China s currency peg would have this effect.

Emerging markets need foreign currency and, therefore, external support.

Venezuela blocks Bitcoin sites in crusade against foreign currency

It has paid off its foreign debt and built up foreign currency reserves of 450 billion.

Reserves of foreign currency provide a small return in interest.

b Total public debt denominated in pesos and foreign currency.

According to SAFE, individuals and institutions exchanged 152.2 billion in foreign currency for renminbi through Chinese banks in March, and purchased 107.6 billion in foreign currency from financial institutions.

In 2002, China reinitiated liberalization efforts, lifting restrictions on Chinese enterprises ability to open foreign currency bank accounts, and allowing residents both to open foreign currency accounts and to convert the renminbi equivalent of 50,000 annually into foreign currencies.

Gold and foreign currency reserves are increasing, implying appreciation of the ruble.

The ECB can curb the euro s appreciation through purchases of foreign currency.

Since the amount of foreign reserves available to defend a weak currency (a currency in low demand) is limited, a currency crisis or devaluation could be the end result.

A higher foreign currency LDR will mean tighter restrictions on long renminbi positions.

The purchase and sale of foreign currency or gold as a financial asset

Other positive aspects notwithstanding, the presence of foreign banks is associated with currency mismatches.

The central bank buys less foreign currency, and thus issues fewer rubles, reducing inflation.

At the same time, the effect of currency appreciation on the trade balance should not be exaggerated.

With effect from January 2002, the currency of accounts was changed to euros (GC.8 Dec.16).

I. The reception, brokerage, and investment of third parties' funds in Brazilian or foreign currency

But foreign currency speculators and international investors are not looking forward to either of these scenarios.

Indeed, in September alone, China s foreign currency reserves increased by almost 100 billion compared to August.

Developing nations should also push for a Tobin tax a tax on global foreign currency transactions.

By contrast, less developed countries that borrow in foreign currencies may run out of currency reserves.

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Ironically, today s pain stems from one of the great successes that emerging economies have achieved the reduction of foreign currency funding in favor of local currency debt.

In reality, the currency in which oil is priced would have no significant or sustained effect on the price of oil when translated into dollars, euros, yen, or any other currency.

The cumulative effect, Kissinger continued, drives American foreign policy toward unilateral and bullying conduct.

If allowing a currency to appreciate freely is costly, the second option is unsterilized foreign exchange intervention.

He built up enormous foreign currency reserves, which cushioned the blow of the 2008 global economic crisis.

To preserve its precious foreign currency reserves, Egypt needs the US and its allies to provide foodstuffs.

Now that oil price has reached 80 per barrel, Russia s central bank can start buying foreign currency again.

That the exported goods are furnished against foreign currency convertible within three months of the date of shipment.

Australian law requires all transfers of physical currency into or out of the country of AUD 10,000 or more, or the equivalent in foreign currency, to be reported to AUSTRAC.

It was predictable that China s currency peg would have this effect. It forced China to accumulate huge amounts of dollars to stabilize its currency and gave the euro an extra boost as the dollar depreciated.

With no sign of improved economic fundamentals, the renminbi s rapid rise must be related to substantial foreign currency inflows.

But there are some big differences between then and now. Most developing countries have accumulated massive foreign currency reserves.

But this time, credit expansion is not flowing into housing construction, but rather into commodity speculation and foreign currency.

Foreign military intervention can effect regime change, but it evidently cannot reestablish order based on centralized government.

We have seen enhanced credit support, credit easing, quantitative easing, interventions in currency and securities markets, and the provision of liquidity in foreign currency to name but a few of the measures taken.

Latin America will finish 2007 with a current account surplus and growing foreign currency reserves, insulating them from financial crisis.

In fact, quantitative easing is a more effective tool to weaken a currency, as foreign exchange intervention is usually sterilized.

At the source, capital requirements for currency mismatches in portfolios, together with margin requirements on foreign exchange derivatives, make sense.

As of 2010, oil income accounts for 80 of Iran's foreign currency revenues and 60 of the nation's overall budget.

Although the role of monetary policy in demand management is limited when a national currency is pegged to a currency such as the dollar, its indirect effect of creating healthy domestic demand could be observed in 2004.

Roughly 60 of Chinese exports represent shipments of foreign invested enterprises in effect, Chinese subsidiaries of global multinationals.