They needed to fake it for seven years in order to build up adequate reserves against losses.

He built up enormous foreign currency reserves, which cushioned the blow of the 2008 global economic crisis.

Besides the largest conventional oil reserves and the second largest natural gas reserves in the Western Hemisphere, Venezuela has non conventional oil deposits (extra heavy crude oil, bitumen and tar sands) approximately equal to the world's reserves of conventional oil.

Smaller reserves are found in the United States.

Africa is a continent rich in energy, holding two thirds of the world s reserves of hydro electric power trillions of kilowatt hours representing about half of total world resources.

But General Babangida also has deep pockets.

Gas reserves should last about 50 years at present rates of consumption.

Taking precautions during sexual activity is regarded as an individual responsibility.

The Fed has printed new bank reserves with reckless abandon.

A mechanism that allows rich countries that don t need additional reserves to transfer their allocations to those that do is readily available, using the IMF s gold reserves.

In the past decade, YPF s reserves diminished significantly, along with those of most oil companies operating in Argentina, because investment in exploration was greatly reduced.

As a result, the country s energy reserves have also become an investment magnet.

The country's oil reserves have played a major role in its growing wealth and influence.

Also during the war, geologists discovered large reserves of gold that would be mined in the 1950s.

In other words, France uses African reserves to finance part of its budget deficit at a concessional interest rate.

He became enormously popular in Iran after he nationalized Iran's petroleum industry and oil reserves.

In 2005 it had proven recoverable coal reserves of 171 million tons.

Bank reserves were in silver coins, and banknotes were convertible solely into silver.

Iraq has reserves of uranium ore which continue to be mined at Akashat, on the border with Syria.

Pajari decided to commit his reserves in a pincer attack at the Soviet troops around the hotel.

Presenting the Budget, the Finance Minister announced that the Government would contribute 2 million to the reserves as part of the promise to continue building the official reserves sufficient to cover at least three months operating expenditure, approximately 48 million.

The company s debt asset ratio leapt from 18 to 90 as company reserves for long term development essential in the telecoms industry were used to service the loan.

The difference, which banks offset through transactions in the inter bank currency market, has a significant impact on China s foreign exchange reserves, but is not equivalent to the net change in foreign exchange reserves during the same period.

The most obvious answer is that at an earlier stage in the Latin American saga, the banks simply could not have afforded to take such losses on their capital. They needed to fake it for seven years in order to build up adequate reserves against losses.

Instead, crisis affected global financial entities have used it to support their efforts to deleverage and to rebuild their capital, while large corporations have been building large cash reserves and refinancing their debt under favorable conditions.

But those foreign exchange balances have grown far beyond the level needed as emergency reserves.

Countries have accumulated large reserves in order to insure against shocks.

More than 60 of Venezuela's international reserves is in gold, eight times more than the average for the region.

South Africa has about 60 billion tonnes of coal reserves, which is sufficient to meet this demand.

But there is an enormous difference all of these countries have reserves that will last another 70 100 years.

Their efforts to self insure, by, say, building up their foreign exchange reserves, perpetuate global economic imbalances.

Instead, banks have hoarded the increase in the monetary base in the form of idle excess reserves.

It would be more efficient to pool the reserves of countries that need them at different times.

This is an extraordinarily high dividend in the world oil industry. In the past decade, YPF s reserves diminished significantly, along with those of most oil companies operating in Argentina, because investment in exploration was greatly reduced.

Moreover, neither oil and gas deposits nor imperialist policies will stop Russia s decline.

It may pile up in bank reserves or savings accounts, or it may produce asset bubbles.

This, in turn, has fueled a roughly 28 annual expansion in China s foreign exchange reserves.

The Chinese government sits atop an astonishing level of foreign reserves greater than 2 trillion.

In the beginning of the 21st century, petroleum reserves have been found by Heritage Oil and Tullow Oil on the shores of Lake Albert.

Indeed, the credit channel is frozen and velocity has collapsed, with banks hoarding increases in base money in the form of excess reserves.

This may result in extra reserves, which commercial banks cannot use to extend their credit lines.

And, in Europe, the sovereigns must address firmly their financing problems through credible fiscal consolidation. In addition, to support growth, banks must have sufficient capital buffers.

But doing so would not only reduce the value of its reserves as the dollar weakened it would also jeopardize US demand for Chinese imports, leading to job losses and instability in China.

Bank capital is not cash reserves that must be set aside it is unborrowed money that can be used to make loans.

About 800 billion of China s foreign exchange reserves are invested in euro denominated assets.