Cash crops for processing and export have been sorely affected.

As part of a survival strategy, crop producers in some countries have substituted traditional cash crops with plants used for the production of narcotics.

The primary sector owes its dynamism to the sub sectors of cash crops, stock raising and forestry.

By and large, however, commercial or cash crop farming aimed at the export market has been in the ascendant.

In Sudan, IFAD has funded research into cash and forage crop varieties that are resistant to drought, salinity and poor soil conditions.

Cash crops include copra, cattle, coffee and cocoa, which are produced on a smallholder basis.

The purpose is to raise food crop production to the level of importance given to cash crops in most national agriculture policies.

And those who remain in the village can shift over to cash crops to send food to the new growing markets in town.

In other instances, as family members fall ill, households shift from multi cropping systems that include cash crops, to less labour intensive subsistence farming, jeopardizing their food security.

In third world countries, smallholdings are usually farms supporting a single family with a mixture of cash crops and subsistence farming.

Intercropping. Intercropping really increases income.

That said, many African countries are not self sufficient in food production, relying on income from cash crops to import food.

Crop production 100,000 100,000 100,000

Harvest contaminated tobacco.

Harvested (crude value)

(a) Crop production

The crop prices used by Iran in calculating the value of lost crops are not appropriate for estimating the value of crops that were not, in fact, produced.

The livelihood component includes learning processes concerning skills development involving existing alternative sources of income such as abaca fibre production, handicraft making and cash crop production.

Iran estimates the alleged reduction in crop quality by comparing crop prices in the Southern Provinces in 1991 with national crop prices.

In crop production use Reserve

(b) Reduced drop yields

But we saved the crops!

in cash, or

a Sum of cash and term deposits and the cash pool.

In terms of crop management, the options include the development and introduction of tolerant resistant crops, pest and soil studies, better cropping or farming systems, improved irrigation techniques and crop rotation, as well as changes in the timing of planting of crops.

Crop eradication and alternative development

Extermination of illicit crops

And it will produce a food crop.

Because he was building these crops.

The green areas are the areas we use to grow crops,

We'll have more crops!

Blowing the land away. Blowing the crops away.

And that is an excellent segue into the notion of a bank note. bank note...

Contributions in cash

The financial overview is based on provisional 2004 amounts obtained from ADM FIN.

UNDG United Nations Development Group

Cash and term deposits

Cash advances

Cash contributions

Cash management

Cash holdings

Some groups of refugees have recently been able to lease farmland near the camp and are being assisted to engage in agriculture to supplement their diet as well as to grow cash crops.

Now one third of all arable land is used to grow crops to feed livestock, not to grow staple crops for people.

Crop Environment Resources Synthesis model.

(d) Efforts to combat pests affecting crops and forest species