1990 Iraq invades Kuwait with weapons from U.S. 1991 U.S. enters Iraq.

In 1961, Kuwait gained independence from Britain and Iraq claimed sovereignty over Kuwait.

invading Iraq and rubbing our face in the dirt.

Stream 1 comprises Kuwaiti claimants who operated a business in Kuwait or Iraq before the invasion and who either returned to or never left Kuwait or Iraq.

Algeria, Guinea, Iraq, Kuwait, Namibia, South Africa and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Negotiations broke down, and on August 2, 1990, Iraq launched an invasion of Kuwait.

Further, Iraq argues that the average treatment costs claimed by Kuwait are too high.

Stream 2 comprises non Kuwaiti claimants, excluding nationals of Organisation for Economic Co operation and Development (OECD) countries, who operated a business in Kuwait or Iraq before the invasion but who did not return to Kuwait or Iraq.

Salah Fadhly notes salahfadly Salafis started attacking Sufi shrines in Libya, Salafi extremism is spreading in Libya

Iraq further states that the proposed terrestrial preserves will probably provide benefits to Kuwait in general.

Iran states that it suffered damage as a result of pollution from the oil well fires in Kuwait the oil spills into the Persian Gulf and the influx of refugees who departed from Iraq or Kuwait as a result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

Kuwait provided several reports, satellite images and witness accounts of oil spillage in and around the mudflats area as a result of Iraq's invasion and occupation.

The fourth claim unit is for the costs of a long term epidemiological study and a medical screening programme to evaluate the impact of Iraq's invasion and occupation on public health in Kuwait.

Iraq also contends that much of the damage was due to factors unrelated to the invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

Iraq challenges the claim that the loss of water resources was due to the invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

Stream 3 comprises claimants who operated their businesses principally outside Kuwait or Iraq.

Kuwait states that Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait heavily impacted its marine and coastal resources.

The Panel finds that there was damage to Kuwait's shoreline resources as a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation.

Iraq accepts that the dispersal of mines and ordnance as a result of the invasion and occupation caused injuries to residents of Kuwait.

Fourth claim unit Long term epidemiological study and medical screening programme Kuwait seeks compensation in the amount of USD 100,000,000 for the cost of a long term epidemiological study and a medical screening programme to identify health effects caused by Iraq's invasion and occupation.

However, the Invasion of Kuwait that triggered the Gulf War brutally changed Iraq's relations with the Arab World and the West.

Since the Government of Kuwait has not suffered any direct loss, Iraq states that this part of the claim unit should be dismissed.

Iraq states that, although there may be a causal link between the invasion and occupation and some occurrence of PTSD in Kuwait, Kuwait's evidence does not establish a valid estimate of the number of persons in Kuwait who suffered from PTSD as a direct result of the invasion and occupation.

The mortal remains of an Iraqi soldier found in Kuwait (S 2005 513, para. 11) were repatriated to Iraq.

Iran states that 144,048 refugees departed from Iraq or Kuwait and entered its western provinces during that period.

Iraq also states that there is evidence demonstrating that the health effects of the pollutants, even in Kuwait, were insignificant.

According to Iraq, this type of ordnance was the principal source of the injuries that are the subject of Kuwait's claim.

Mental illness invades the mind and the self, the same domains where political beliefs and social interests reside.

Iraq states that Jordan has not established that the alleged increase in its crime rate was a direct result of the invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

Iraq questions Kuwait's claimed loss of use of water resources as a result of the invasion and occupation.

In the view of Iraq, the claim is unjustified because of the insufficient evidence provided and the absence of proof that any loss was incurred by Kuwait.

Furthermore, Saudi Arabia has not produced sufficient evidence to establish that the crop losses were a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

Lost recreational opportunities Kuwait states that its claim for lost recreational opportunities represents the e conomic value of the welfare loss associated with lost opportunities for performing recreational activities at beaches and at sea during and after Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait .

Iraq accepts that data presented by Kuwait indicate possible remaining oil contamination in certain locations in the upper intertidal zone of Northern Kuwait Bay that could be a result of the 1991 conflict.

Iraq's refusal to withdraw from Kuwait led to the Gulf War and return of the pre occupation Kuwaiti government on 26 February 1991.

Iraq argues that the damage to Jordan's water resources pre dates the invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

Consequently, Iraq argues that any contamination of groundwater resources in Jordan cannot be attributed to the invasion and occupation of Kuwait.

Third claim unit Marine subtidal habitats Saudi Arabia states that, as a result of the oil spills resulting from Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait, damage was caused to its marine subtidal habitats.

Requests the Executive Secretary to provide a copy of the report to the Secretary General, to the Government of the Republic of Iraq and to the Government of the State of Kuwait.

Iraq further stated that the claimant could have exchanged his invalid Kuwaiti dinars for USD at market rates following the liberation of Kuwait.

Iran states that 89,256 refugees who departed Iraq or Kuwait entered Iran after 2 August 1990.

Iraq questions the alleged link between the invasion and occupation of Kuwait and the increased incidence of low birth weight babies and malnourished children in Jordan.

Iraq further states that, although the chosen metric is theoretically valid, Kuwait has made many assumptions without sufficient justification in applying it.

The Panel concludes that a reasonable estimate of the number of cases of PTSD attributable to Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait is approximately 41,700.

The Panel finds that the damage to Saudi Arabia's intertidal shoreline habitats is a direct result of Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait.