We live in a world where the clear distinction between conflict among States and conflict within States has become blurred.

The 1454 Peace of Lodi ended their struggle for hegemony in Italy, attaining a balance of power (see Italian Renaissance).

We all recall the recommendations on the threat of conflict between States and the threat of conflict within States, as contained in the report of the High level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change in recent months those recommendations were the subject of broad based consultation and discussion.

The Armenian Azerbaijani struggle is more precarious.

And yet all three are doing their best to bring one about.

There is also the ongoing conflict between the Israelis and the Palestinians, as well as strains between Israel and Turkey.

So the struggle between democratic and anti democratic tendencies is becoming acute.

The Sudan firmly believes that the idea of a clash of civilizations is a fallacy.

At the other extreme, some experts use a narrow definition of cyber war a bloodless war among states that consists solely of electronic conflict in cyberspace.

It thus called on Member States and the international community to ensure the protection of civilians, in particular women and children, in conflict and post conflict environments.

Of course, economic relations between states foster interdependence, decreasing the risk of conflict. But if conflict does erupt, the cost is far higher.

These forces fully comprehend that the most important global contest today is between radical Islamism and the rest of the world.

Then there is sectarianism, particularly the growing strife between Sunni and Shia Muslims.

Economic growth permits conflict between social actors to be papered over.

Conflict has also escalated along the Myanmar Bangladesh border.

It certainly has some of the characteristics of a confrontation between Arabs and Africans.

In the emerging struggle between the region s Shia and Sunni powers, the old Middle East conflict has become a sideshow.

We also recognize the various challenges posed, especially to States emerging from conflict.

Nor is China interested in stirring up the conflict between its Pakistani allies and its Indian rivals.

Following the revolution, factional struggle within the MOI became public.

Conflict among the British, Dutch, and French continued throughout the seventeenth century.

The ongoing conflict between Iran s rulers and the Iranian public is the result of a head on collision between two contradictory forces.

Particular attention, therefore, needs to be given to devising projects which could prevent the spillover of conflict across State boundaries.

Conflict grew ever bloodier in Syria, continued to grind on in Afghanistan, and flared up periodically in West, Central, and East Africa.

The rise in the number of casualties among humanitarian staff operating in conflict and post conflict situations was alarming.

It is against this backdrop that the latest contest between India and China must be assessed.

Things have also started to move in a third area the conflict between Israel and the Palestinians.

One example of an evolutionary arms race is in sexual conflict between the sexes.

Without progress in that domain, post conflict countries could easily slip back into conflict, which could then spread to neighbouring States.

In West Africa, inter State transport and transit are governed by two conventions the Inter States Road Transport Convention, and the Inter States Road Transit Convention.

It also encompasses a multitude of tribal conflicts inter tribal, as well as intra tribal and clan fights.

The referendum campaign in Ireland has seen a resurgence of conflict between a familiar constellation of forces.

FS The ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine reportedly includes information warfare , such as use of propaganda and counterpropaganda.

This led to internecine and intra Kurdish conflict and warfare between 1994 and 1996.

The strain on Syria s neighbors is immense, and the conflict is inexorably seeping into the wider region.

In order to show their commitment to the protection of human rights, States must prosecute human rights abusers, especially in post conflict situations.

Failing or failed States and those emerging from conflict pose great challenges to international security.

In a way, a unilateral declaration of independence would make the Israeli Palestinian conflict a bit more like the Israeli Syrian conflict an inter state conflict.

Written between 1895 and 1897, it is one of the earliest stories that detail a conflict between mankind and an extraterrestrial race.

American policy has also contributed to a growing conflict between Islamist and secular forces in Muslim countries.

The latest eruption of violent conflict between Hamas and Israel underscores the importance of reviving the peace process.

The Russia Georgia conflict represents the first significant cyber attacks accompanying armed conflict.

In fact, the often assumed conflict between freedom and public security does not exist.

Indeed, the core conflict between Israel and the Palestinians has remained almost unchanged throughout the past 60 years.

Erdoğan s plan, however, depends on ending Turkey s 30 year conflict with its own Kurdish population.