Stability of social spending is crucial, inasmuch as instability and fluctuations reduce the efficiency of social spending.

When spending is high, it is usually social spending that is badly targeted, which means that only a small share of poor people really benefit.

Even economic growth will not prevent a tradeoff between defense and welfare spending for Europeans.

In short, Latin American countries have used their additional export revenues to pay down debt and increase social spending.

Failures to promote social solidarity can have other costs, not the least of which are the social and private expenditures required to protect property and incarcerate criminals.

Social security expenditures will face a shortfall of 6 trillion this year.

Moreover, if Europeans target social expenditure better, they might achieve a greater reduction in inequality with a lower level of social transfers.

In the meantime, Greek society will suffer from budgetary austerity, cuts in social expenditure, and an overall economic downturn.

Growth itself increases tax revenues and reduces the need for social expenditures, such as unemployment benefits.

Eventually, the books must be balanced, and this will probably happen at the expense of future social spending.

They will want to protect all social spending, regardless of the consequences for foreign policy.

China could usefully explore shifting part of the burden from labor toward property, capital gains, and inheritance taxes.

So lower levels of social expenditure could involve only a relatively small increase in inequality and social conflict.

At home, he dedicated a considerable part of his public policy to favour the country's poorest classes through social investment funded by the money brought by high oil prices during his years of government.

The US currently has the smallest share of government spending in GDP, although it has gained substantially on Canada because of the spending explosion since 2000 President George W. Bush s military spending and Obama s social spending

The Scandinavian social compact rests on the understanding that citizens must pay high taxes in exchange for public services.

Between 2006 and 2009, the government increased social spending on social welfare and education from 2.6 to 5.2 of its GDP.

On the other hand, there have been significant increases in social spending over the past 10 years (particularly on education, health and housing).

Therefore, on a regional level, a large part of the additional resources were used to increase public spending, especially for social security, health, and education, in that order.

Meanwhile, cuts in social and welfare spending are only making things worse, as employment and consumer demand fall further.

Their recipe is for the high tax, high social spending (and not so small deficit) policies of the large northern European economies, Germany and France.

Access to education for girls was showing improvements, and it had become apparent that there was a strong correlation between social spending on health and higher levels of life expectancy.

Public spending had to rise before it could fall, in order to provide some slack while renegotiating parts of the social contract.

The Great Recession has exacerbated inequality, with cutbacks in basic social expenditures and with high unemployment putting downward pressure on wages.

During the period from 1995 to 2004, social spending rose from 3.2 per cent to approximately 5 per cent of GDP.

On a positive note, Governments have increased the levels of public social expenditure, which has contributed somewhat to alleviating the special needs of poor people and vulnerable groups.

All of the spending cuts come from the discretionary part of the federal budget, which excludes Social Security, Medicare, the Medicaid program for the poor, and interest on the national debt.

On the contrary, spending cuts will hurt their most vulnerable citizens, widen the gap between rich and poor, and contribute to social and political instability.

Likewise, while reducing employment is one way to boost productivity, it implies high macroeconomic costs in terms of lost revenues and higher social spending.

In emerging markets and low income economies, the challenge is to avoid overheating, contain financial risks, and address pressing social spending needs, while not compromising sustainability.

Slowing the growth of government spending for Medicare and Social Security is necessary to prevent a long term explosion of the national debt or dramatic increases in personal tax rates.

To be sure, there are also differences among the Nordic states, with social welfare spending the highest in Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden, and a bit lower in Finland and Iceland.

With his populist style, demagogic language, and authoritarian behavior, he replaced the country s former elite, demolished traditional power structures, and sharply increased spending on anti poverty programs and social inclusion.

Earmarking of taxes caused current expenditures (especially on social security benefits) to increase along with revenues, reducing the scope for a higher public sector contribution to domestic savings.

What most European countries get for their social expenditure is a lot of state provision of services, and not much reduction in social inequality.

Spending. Obama has dramatically increased spending.

Similarly, Portugal s center right Social Democratic Party has pushed a tough pro austerity line, including tax hikes and spending cuts, since coming to power in 2011.

Tonga's performance on the Human Development Index and the Human Poverty Index reflects a high level of expenditure in health and education, stagnant population growth and sustained high levels of investment in the social sector.

Revolutions tend to confront new governments with steeply rising social demands (for wage increases and higher welfare spending, for example) at a time of capital flight, financial turmoil, and deep disruptions of production.

Health expenditures represented about 6.1 of total government spending.

There is also a concern that the Initiative provides for only a modest relaxation of a Government's budget constraints, as under the main provisions of the Initiative a Government may simply swap one type of spending commitment for another of equal value,15 although debt relief has contributed to an increase in social spending.

The representative of Guyana said that her country, despite its socio economic status, had consistently pursued policies for children's access to education, health care and social protection and increased expenditures on education and health.

The IMF has already moved quickly to help many of our member countries in this time of crisis, including by protecting social spending in order to cushion the impact of the crisis on the most vulnerable.

The US is a net debtor with an aging population, unfunded entitlement spending on social security and health care, an anemic economic recovery, and risks of continued monetization of the fiscal deficit.

However, starting in 2008 with the bad economic performance of the nations where most Ecuadorian emigrants work, the reduction of poverty has been realized through social spending mainly in education and health.