Recognizing also that cooperation between transit countries and landlocked developing countries results in better transit transport systems,

Calls upon the land locked countries, their transit neighbours and donor counties to implement measures to strengthen further their cooperative and collaborative efforts in dealing with the transit problems in accordance with the Global Framework for Transit Transport Cooperation between Land locked and Transit Developing Countries and Donor Countries.

Special attention should be paid to the improvement of transit arrangements for the landlocked and transit developing countries

Also, transit developing countries need technical and financial assistance in the development of their transit transport infrastructure facilities.

Special attention should be paid to the improvement of transit arrangements for the landlocked and transit developing countries.

Such programmes should also include assistance to transit countries.

It was noted that future work with transit countries was envisaged regarding technical assistance on the implementation of transit arrangements and regarding a project on transit corridors.

Their seaborne trade unavoidably depends on transit through other countries.

The establishment of efficient transit transport systems requires closer and more effective cooperation and collaboration between landlocked and transit developing countries.

58 201. Almaty Programme of Action Addressing the Special Needs of Landlocked Developing Countries within a New Global Framework for Transit Transport Cooperation for Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries

Recalling the Almaty Programme of Action Addressing the Special Needs of Landlocked Developing Countries within a New Global Framework for Transit Transport Cooperation for Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries,

58 201 Almaty Programme of Action Addressing the Special Needs of Landlocked Developing Countries within a New Global Framework for Transit Transport Cooperation for Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries

Most transit developing countries were in no position to offer efficient transport systems to which their landlocked transit neighbours might link themselves.

We stress the importance of establishing common indicators to monitor progress in establishing efficient transit transport systems in landlocked and transit developing countries.

(c) Monitoring and coordinating implementation of specific actions and initiatives aimed at establishing efficient transit transport systems in landlocked and transit developing countries.

6. Recognizes that most transit countries are themselves developing countries often of broadly similar economic structure and beset by similar scarcity of resources, including the lack of adequate transit transport infrastructure

7. Recognizes that most transit countries are themselves developing countries often of broadly similar economic structure and beset by similar scarcity of resources, including the lack of adequate transit transport infrastructure

Trade between landlocked and transit developing countries tended to be relatively small.

Unfortunately, the countries in her region were increasingly becoming countries of origin and of transit for trafficking.

We reiterate our commitment to continuing to extend technical assistance to landlocked and transit developing countries in their efforts to establish efficient transit transport systems.

The communiqué also stressed the importance of establishing common indicators to monitor progress in establishing efficient transit transport systems in landlocked and transit developing countries.

(b) Specific actions relating to the particular needs and problems of landlocked developing countries outcome of the International Ministerial Conference of Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries and Donor Countries and International Financial and Development Institutions on Transit Transport Cooperation

(b) Specific actions related to the particular needs and problems of landlocked developing countries outcome of the International Ministerial Conference of Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries and Donor Countries and International Financial and Development Institutions on Transit Transport Cooperation.

(b) Specific actions related to the particular needs and problems of landlocked developing countries outcome of the International Ministerial Conference of Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries and Donor Countries and International Financial and Development Institutions on Transit Transport Cooperation.

High transit transport costs further deteriorate the market access of landlocked developing countries.

ODA receipts and debt sustainability, landlocked and transit developing countries and developing countries as a whole, 2000 2003

Exports and imports of merchandise, landlocked and transit developing countries and developing countries as a whole, 2000 2003

Table 7 Membership and observer status in the World Trade Organization, landlocked developing countries and transit developing countries

59 245. Specific actions related to the particular needs and problems of landlocked developing countries outcome of the International Ministerial Conference of Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries and Donor Countries and International Financial and Development Institutions on Transit Transport Cooperation

60 208. Specific actions related to the particular needs and problems of landlocked developing countries outcome of the International Ministerial Conference of Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries and Donor Countries and International Financial and Development Institutions on Transit Transport Cooperation

(b) Specific actions related to the particular needs and problems of landlocked developing countries outcome of the International Ministerial Conference of Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries and Donor Countries and International Financial and Development Institutions on Transit Transport Cooperation (continued)

Recognizing that countries can be concurrently any combination of origin, transit and or destination,

2. Reaffirms the right of access of landlocked countries to and from the sea and freedom of transit through the territory of transit countries by all means of transport, in accordance with applicable rules of international law

The Conference unanimously adopted the Almaty Programme of Action Addressing the Special Needs of Landlocked Developing Countries within a New Global Framework for Transit Transport Cooperation for Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries, and the Almaty Ministerial Declaration.

(i) World Bank Implementing the Almaty Programme of Actions for Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries

A significant share of these funds has been committed to landlocked and transit developing countries.

3. Reaffirms the right of access of landlocked countries to and from the sea and freedom of transit through the territory of transit countries by all means of transport, in accordance with the applicable rules of international law

2. Reaffirms the right of access of landlocked countries to and from the sea and freedom of transit through the territory of transit countries by all means of transport, in accordance with the applicable rules of international law

3. Reaffirms the right of access of landlocked countries to and from the sea and freedom of transit through the territory of transit countries by all means of transport, in accordance with the applicable rules of international law

Report of the International Ministerial Conference of Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries and Donor Countries and International Financial and Development Institutions on Transit Transport Cooperation, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 28 and 29 August 2003 (A CONF.202 3), annex I.

Report of the International Ministerial Conference of Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries and Donor Countries and International Financial and Development Institutions on Transit Transport Cooperation, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 28 and 29 August 2003 (A CONF.202 3), annex I.

Report of the International Ministerial Conference of Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries and Donor Countries and International Financial and Development Institutions on Transit Transport Cooperation, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 28 and 29 August 2003 (A CONF.202 3), annex I.

Report of the International Ministerial Conference of Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries and Donor Countries and International Financial and Development Institutions on Transit Transport Cooperation, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 28 and 29 August 2003 (A CONF.202 3), annex I.

It is encouraging to note that article 125 of UNCLOS provides for the right of access of landlocked countries to and from the sea and freedom of transit through the territories of transit countries by all means of transport.

2 Report of the International Ministerial Conference of Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries and Donor Countries and International Financial and Development Institutions on Transit Transport Cooperation, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 28 and 29 August 2003 (A CONF.202 3), annex II.