Lower government spending, together with tight monetary policy, are contributing to greater price stability.

In view of the need for structural adjustment, the PBC should maintain a tight monetary stance.

So monetary policy has since remained tight, with high interest rates contributing to slowing investment and consumption.

Despite tight monetary policy and foreign exchange regulations, the scheme has boosted trade and investment while reducing intraregional indebtedness.

The combination of loose fiscal policy and tight monetary policy will mean high interest rates, sluggish investment, and slow growth.

A country that believes that monetary or fiscal policy is too tight may threaten to leave if policy is not changed.

This deficit was due to structural conditions that were insensitive to monetary policy, specifically trade conditions.

Some countries have primary fiscal surpluses for the first time, and most emerging markets have brought down inflation through tight monetary policy.

The last time the US faced large budget deficits, in the early 1980 s, inflation declined sharply because of a tight monetary policy.

Beyond economics, many observers noted that European Union citizens would accept tight monetary bonds only if they were participating in a shared political community.

Countries need to rely on themselves and mobilize domestic resources (although the IMF frequent insistence on tight monetary and fiscal policies often makes this more difficult.)

The macroeconomic stabilisation programme introduced in 1991, which focused on tight fiscal and monetary policies, has contributed to a controlled reduction in the rate of inflation.

However, while financial stringency proved attractive to foreign investors, a tight monetary and fiscal stance did little to stimulate domestic investment or to improve export prospects.

A single currency means a single monetary policy and a single interest rate, even if economic conditions particularly cyclical conditions differ substantially among the member countries of the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU).

And the euro s appreciation in recent years driven in part by the European Central Bank s excessively tight monetary policy was the final nail in the competitiveness coffin.

Money was tight.

Continuing geopolitical tensions combined with refining and distribution industry bottlenecks caused tight supply conditions for light products, which were coupled with high oil demand throughout 2004.

It demanded an extraordinarily independent and unaccountable central bank that is now running an excessively tight monetary policy, aggravating the plight of the PIIGS (Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece, and Spain).

It also lowered long term interest rates in the US and made monetary conditions there more expansionary.

Indeed, the opinion polls remain tight.

World monetary conditions seem to point to a protracted period of high liquidity and low international interest rates.

So, for 20 years it has seemed to me that Western Europe s underlying political equilibrium corporatist bargaining and ample social insurance, on the one hand, and tight monetary policies, on the other must crack.

Like I say, it's a tight knit community.

and tight fisted when good fortune visits him ,

Moreover, the extremes of collapse were amplified by unnecessarily tight monetary policies which deepened the debt deflation process, served to depress output and employment and caused serious dislocations in the corporate and financial sectors (Stiglitz, 2002).

In recent years, tight monetary policy and increasingly strict controls on the real estate sector have caused the growth rate of fixed asset investment to fall, from more than 25 annually before 2008 to around 20 today.

Their votes could prove crucial in a tight contest.

Fourthly, debt relief has been limited to those highly indebted poor countries which have satisfied International Monetary Fund (IMF) conditions for disbursements.

Alas, neither of the two biggest players in the euro zone is pursuing policies consistent with restoring sustained growth in the euro zone s periphery. The ECB s monetary policy is too tight and Germany is front loading fiscal austerity.

In sum, among advanced economies, the US is in the best relative shape, followed by Japan, where Abenomics is boosting confidence. The eurozone and the UK remain mired in recessions made worse by tight monetary and fiscal policies.

The glacially technocratic and apolitical International Monetary Fund, in its latest report on the eurozone, goes as far as mentioning political union and ex ante fiscal risk sharing as conditions for any monetary union to work.

China has long kept tight control over its main banks.

SBS also suffered from tight budget constraints and staff shortages.

To rein in rising house prices and pre empt the inflationary impact of the strongly expansionary fiscal and monetary policies implemented during the global financial crisis, China s monetary authorities began to tighten financial conditions in January 2010.

In addition, net foreign capital inflows are likely to dwindle for several quarters at least, affecting domestic monetary conditions while aggregate demand is weak.

Absent these conditions, budgetary adjustments are almost always growth reducing, as confirmed by a recent careful and detailed study by the International Monetary Fund.

Tight deadlines have been established for review under the Kyoto Protocol.

A better mix of fiscal and monetary policies and sustained measures to enhance productivity and competitiveness remain necessary conditions for addressing America s labor market challenges.

Could the troika have done better? It was not responsible for existing monetary conditions a currency union with a central bank focused on price stability.

Finally, those who view the Great Depression as fundamentally a product of tight fiscal policies and Treasury orthodoxy overlook the much greater culpability of a fixed exchange rate regime for the transmission of bad monetary policy, and thus for fueling the contraction.

Taking the lectures seriously even adopting tight budget frameworks can be counterproductive.

Given Nigeria s history of sit tight military dictatorships, that is real progress.

Indeed, illegal immigration is larger when restrictions to legal migration are tight.

After Black Wednesday, it became conventional wisdom that it was simply impossible to fix both the exchange rate and domestic monetary conditions at the same time.

In view of the need for structural adjustment, the PBC should maintain a tight monetary stance. But, with a coming decline in headline inflation and mounting concerns about growth, the PBC is likely to prove a bit more accommodating in the second half of 2011.