Demand for loans was low, leaving it short of revenue.

Some part of it may be hoarded, in which case demand may fall short of supply.

But, during a period of weak domestic demand, structural reforms might actually exacerbate short term problems.

After all, restoring stability and growth is only partly about reviving short term aggregate demand.

The pace of deficit reduction must be slowed, particularly in Spain, because output is determined in the short run by demand, and private demand cannot replace public demand until a degree of faith in the future is restored.

Finally, as is true in many of the advanced countries, weak demand constrains Italy s short and medium term growth.

And, with demand high and housing supply fixed at least in the short run prices go up.

China s economy is prone to rapid growth, with buoyant investment demand sustaining powerful short term inflationary pressures.

This illustrates a fundamental point in the short run, reduced economic activity is the principle way of lowering oil demand.

First, in a situation of widespread unemployment and excess capacity, short run output is determined primarily by demand, not supply.

This illustrates a fundamental point in the short run, reduced economic activity is the principle way of lowering oil demand.

With domestic demand in short supply, this slow road essentially postpones or impedes growth via expansion of the tradable sector.

Short term interest rates, most macroeconomists would say, could always be set low enough to generate reasonable rates of employment and demand.

Unfortunately, many of the solutions on offer are either too timid or demand too much of a global leadership that is in short supply.

In the real world, of course, such countries political economies demand short term gains, beginning with basic services like potable water and electricity.

Increasing the retirement age, for example, improves the perspective for public finances, but it does not weigh on short term demand.

Temporary Keynesian demand measures may help to sustain short run internal growth, but they will not solve France s long run competitiveness problems.

A return to fiscal sanity will be good in the long run, but it will reduce aggregate demand in the short run.

With domestic aggregate demand in short supply, the only functioning growth engine, external trade in goods and services, is not an employment engine.

In the short term, dollar depreciation does not affect supply and demand, but it does affect speculation and investment in oil futures markets.

But the picture is far more complicated, because oil demand is extremely price insensitive. In the short run, it is technically difficult to adjust consumption.

But domestic demand did not call for the same goods, and the goods that were locally demanded were already in short supply before the crisis.

The resetting of asset values in line with realistic growth prospects is probably not a bad outcome, though it will add to the demand shortfall in the short run.

He knew very well that a financial panic and excessive demand for financial assets could produce deficient demand for currently produced commodities and for labor, and that while such a short run breakdown of Say s Law might be temporary, it was nonetheless highly destructive.

The US economy needs a second round of fiscal stimulus in the short term to make up for low private demand, together with a credible long term fiscal consolidation program.

In short, the world should not expect China to shore up global aggregate demand in 2015. If anything, there will be an even bigger hole to fill.

If the IMF had to live up to private sector standards, it would create a new instrument that would meet members potential demand for short term liquidity.

Rather than intervening to obtain a short term increase in their share of slow growing global demand, it makes sense for countries to make their economies more balanced and efficient over the medium term. That will allow them to contribute in a sustainable way to increasing global demand.

Increasing labor market flexibility by reducing the costs of shedding workers will lead in the short run to more layoffs in the public and private sector, exacerbating the fall in incomes and demand.

They would always see and want to grasp the benefits of lower interest rates and a little more demand pressure more production, more employment, higher wages, and higher profits in the short run.

Rather than intervening to obtain a short term increase in their share of slow growing global demand, it makes sense for countries to make their economies more balanced and efficient over the medium term.

Of course, this is an impossible demand. Short of unleashing massive and bloody ethnic cleansing Bosnia, on a continental scale Americans and others have no choice but to get used to living in increasingly diverse societies.

With no growth in Germany, the rest of the eurozone might not be able to reduce debt via external surpluses. And there might be no solution short of a magic button to increase German domestic demand.

Many projects, from airports to university campuses, benefit from returns over decades, which implies that weak demand in the short term will have only a limited impact on their overall viability.

What's good? Short, short bullet points.

While measures to curtail the supply of illicit drugs might be effective in the short term, in the long term the drug problem could only be addressed effectively by reducing the demand for such drugs.

In terms of energy use, peak demand describes a period of simultaneous, strong consumer demand or a period of highest demand in a billing period.

But investment agreements like those backed by the US demand that developing countries waive this presumption and permit the adjudication of suits according to procedures that fall far short of those expected in twenty first century democracies.

A prolonged and sustained central bank policy of keeping short term Treasury nominal interest rates low is essential to keeping the many interest rate sensitive components of aggregate demand from falling even further below potential aggregate supply.

We're short of something.

The Demand Reduction Index provides a visual representation of changes in the different areas of demand reduction.

Tom is short, but not as short as Mary.

First, the only source of recessions, stagnation, and other aggregate demand failures was inadequate consumer demand.

Indeed, the short, sharp shock that China absorbed from the financial crisis has proven that its economic growth still depends on consumer demand in America, Europe, and Japan and will for some time to come.

Energy demand