Low inflation resulted from a combination of cheap supply and low demand.

Thus, low interest rates and non market interference, rather than demand from enterprises, fueled explosive credit growth in the first half of 2009, surpassing the full year target.

Emerging market demand has pushed up commodity prices.

Demand for loans was low, leaving it short of revenue.

With its high value, relatively low bulk and ease of transport, easily disguised identity and origin and the potential to exploit the market demand unmet by restricted supplies, the caviar trade offers organized criminal groups a low risk, high profit activity.

Its success depends on market demand, not political lobbying.

Fortunately, in Europe, that market demand is growing rapidly.

Emerging market interest rate spreads now are abnormally low.

Vigilance had traditionally been associated with low cognitive demand and vigilance decrement with a decline in arousal pursuant to the low cognitive demand, but these views are no longer widely held.

Off peak Peak demand is considered to be the opposite to off peak hours when power demand is usually low.

Low interest rates strengthen the ability to pay, and thus boost demand.

Unfortunately, the market cannot produce a demand recovery rapidly by itself.

Policymakers initially resorted to government spending and low interest rates to boost demand.

The main reason for the lag is not simply low demand or large debts.

(Admittedly, the Spanish labor market reforms enacted earlier this year may start to lift employment and improve competitiveness and growth on the economy s tradable side, which is constrained largely by low productivity, not weak demand.)

The low market concentration probably makes it easier for steel companies from developing countries to enter the world market.

Energy hungry America has long depended on the global market to meet domestic demand.

When countries suffer from low investment demand, freeing up capital inflows does not do much good.

The problem with both free market and Keynesian economics is that they misunderstand the nature of modern investment. Both schools believe that investment is led by the private sector, either because taxes and regulations are low (in the free market model) or because aggregate demand is high (in the Keynesian model).

The mismatch between labour market demand and supply is partly a result of educational policies.

Post crisis sluggishness in US aggregate demand especially consumer demand is likely to persist, denying Chinese exporters the support they need from their largest foreign market.

This signals a remarkable shift in relative demand for high quality and liquid financial assets an extraordinary rise in market wide excess demand for such assets.

Key trends in emerging market economies include high and increasing unemployment and low employment rates.

At some point, companies will be ready to sell products, and market demand can take over.

On the demand side, subsidies should focus on helping families choose from the entire housing market.

Other policy moves aimed at boosting demand in the housing and auto market also proved effective.

vocational training in professions that are in demand on the labour market and subsequent job placement

According to other views, a much smaller market share, as low as 8 per cent, could suffice for a retailer to have market power.

Hence, the sales that Prime Minister Putin announced will not increase the demand for pro market institutions.

Strong economic performance reflects strong domestic demand in the US, owing to low borrowing costs and rising asset prices.

Other contributory factors were high domestic liquidity and low, albeit gently rising, interest rates, which enhanced domestic demand expansion.

Market fundamentals will continue to determine the long term trend in oil prices, and point to a tight market in which supply cannot keep pace with demand.

German multinationals like Siemens and Daimler are ratcheting up investment to meet both emerging market and domestic demand.

As a result of the huge demand and profit, illegal organ transplant operations have now entered the market.

In Mexico, the market for new low and middle income housing has grown rapidly, thanks to the creation of a market for residential mortgage securities in 2003.

However, China s large size and low per capita income and capital stock imply continued rapid growth in its demand for commodities.

To manage exorbitant demand for financial and physical assets, China s leaders must address its root cause the low cost of capital.

Inflation convergence between high headline and low core rates, as well as between high emerging market and low advanced country rates will occur at levels higher than currently anticipated.

Given weak demand, which may be prolonged, Chinese exporters must accept increasingly thin profit margins to maintain market share.

In 2006, the energy market was around 90 terawatt hours and the peak demand around 15 gigawatts in winter.

Unlike market driven demand, which too often results in a winner takes all dynamic, state sponsored demand creates an environment in which multiple solutions to technical problems can proliferate and coexist.

Both contribute to aggregate domestic demand, and the structural shifts on the supply side will be driven by the right mix of aggregate demand, with the low return component on the investment side removed.

These actions are usually justified as policies for boosting domestic demand, but they end up fueling a surrogate, low grade currency war.

Short term interest rates, most macroeconomists would say, could always be set low enough to generate reasonable rates of employment and demand.

New capacity is mainly planned in developing countries and countries in transition with relatively low production costs and rapidly growing domestic demand.