Ship based marine debris from commercial shipping has been addressed by assisting countries to put in place arrangements to manage ships' waste.

Piracy off the coast of Somalia is causing a great deal of concern to the shipping world.

The two transnational criminal groups also use the existing international maritime shipping lines and port facilities.

Physical infrastructure is inadequate or non existent rail freight in Africa is under 2 per cent of the world total, marine freight capacity amounts to 11 per cent and air freight less than 1 per cent.

He noted the work of the Working Group on Transport Law in considering the draft instrument on the carriage of goods wholly or partly by sea , and said that transport by sea was essential to Australia's international trade, and so therefore was the issue of liability for loss or damage to sea cargo.

We, therefore, welcome the recent initiative by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime to support States' control measures in developing countries, through the provision of equipment and training to target illicit trafficking via maritime freight containers.

BAF charges used to be determined by Carrier Conferences to be applicable for a certain period on a certain trade route.

While there was some consensus that bills of lading would suffice for this purpose, concerns were expressed regarding receipts, and different opinions were expressed with regard to intermediary non negotiable documents such as sea waybills.

London banks underwrote most of the world s trade Lloyds provided insurance for the world s shipping.

Rather, the carrier's standard terms of contract, as also contained in or referred to in transport documents, such as a bill of lading or sea waybill, will be incorporated into the service contract.

(e) Conference on maritime law organized by the Nigeria Shippers Council, held at the Abuja Sheraton Hotel from 25 28 February 1997.

The United States fought two wars (the First and Second Barbary Wars) over Algiers' attacks on shipping.

Arnold Mærsk Mc Kinney Møller (13 July 1913 16 April 2012) was a Danish shipping magnate.

Access to the island is by water only there is no airstrip on Pantar.

One delegation said that it was important to encourage the wide dissemination of information on marine debris through international meetings.

In domestic trade, the embargo has increased costs by 66.8 million, mostly as a result of using middlemen for shipping and purchases.

It is a port of call for shipping and cruise lines running between Panama and San Francisco, California, United States.

In the US, government fostered the airline business largely by buying cargo services from private airlines.

This undertaking must provide for carriage by sea and may provide for carriage by other modes of transport prior to or after the sea carriage.

Table 6 Import duty and sales tax paid between 1 January 2004 and 30 April 2005 (United States dollars)

We urge all States to take seriously those threats to maritime safety and to continue to collaborate with all relevant stakeholders, including the shipping industry, coastal communities and the international community, to properly address those concerns.

In the area of illicit trafficking by sea, representatives welcomed the conclusion of regional and bilateral agreements in the field of maritime cooperation and supported their swift implementation.

In the area of illicit trafficking by sea, representatives welcomed the conclusion of regional and bilateral agreements in the field of maritime cooperation and supported their swift implementation.

The contract must provide for carriage by sea and may provide for carriage by other modes of transport prior to or after the sea carriage.

The renewed attack on Denmark threatened the interests of the leading shipping nations of England and the Dutch Republic, who were best served by keeping the Baltic region politically divided.

If the goods arrive as cargo they are locked in the Valuables Cage until the arrival of the consignees' agent when they are examined by Customs in his presence.

The following delegations provided comments which are reflected in the annex Italy, Japan, Norway, Republic of Korea, Spain, the International Chamber of Shipping (ICS), the Baltic and International Maritime Council (BIMCO) and the International Group of Protection and Indemnity Clubs (P I Clubs).

We have recently amended our Merchants' Shipping Act, with a view to reducing marine pollution from marine transport activities and dumping.

Information was disseminated to member countries through recurrent publications such as the annual Review of Maritime Transport and the quarterly Transport Newsletter, as well as through non recurrent publications.

Transhipment

They identified the main sources of debris in the ocean and in coastal areas as poorly managed landfills, waste carried by wind from urban areas and by sewage systems and rivers into the ocean, as well as shipping.

Recent and ongoing activities include the establishment of an electronic trading platform, sanitary and phytosanitary import controls, export transaction analysis, shipping lines charges, implementation of conventions on international transport of goods (ATA TIR), and professional standards for freight forwarders.

10. Air and surface freight

J. Air and surface freight

Differences between legal systems, language problems and lack of resources posed further obstacles to the implementation of requests for extradition and mutual legal assistance. Similar difficulties, as well as logistical and technical problems and lack of experience and expertise, were also reported to affect the execution of controlled deliveries and international maritime cooperation to combat drug trafficking by sea.

The project was completed in early 2004 and provided an analysis of the current international regulations on the security of maritime transport, and their effectiveness in preventing maritime terrorism. The results of this research project were published in May 2004.

At present, the Guam International Airport is the most modern in the western Pacific.34 In February 2005, major road construction projects, including phase II of the Tumon Redevelopment and North Marine Drive, were completed.

Commercial freight and cartage 17.5

Freight (15 ) 17 400

International Federation of Freight Forwarders Associations

So one wonders about the purpose of this military build up?

Discussion Panel B Marine debris

Second plenary session

Maritime Security

Marine debris