The U.S. Food and Drug Administration have approved the use of naltrexone for chronic treatment of opioid dependence and for drug detoxification.

Substitution therapy is the least used approach, possibly reflecting the fact that it is only relevant for opioid dependence and that it is still controversial in some regions.

Treatment of pain using opioid analgesics

Opioid analgesics may also be appropriate in many situations.

In some cases, more accurate reporting may be behind an apparent decrease in coverage, as some countries not having substitution treatment (mostly not relevant because of the low prevalence of opioid dependence in the region) went from reported high levels of coverage in 2000 2002 to 0 in 2002 2004.

A non opioid alternative to morphine, it is also easier to use than nitrous oxide.

The three major factors that LLDCs are dependent on their transit neighbours are dependence on transit infrastructure, dependence on political relations with neighbours, and dependence on internal peace and stability within transit neighbours.

Too much dependence has also had an infantilizing effect.

Dependence will decline as the international trade regime improves.

Energy dependence was a major source of economic vulnerability.

Nabucco would reach Europe via Turkey and would drastically reduce Caspian supplier countries dependence on Russia s pipelines, and the new southeastern EU members dependence on Russian gas supplies.

So, in general, dependence on Russian gas should not be feared.

Declining dependence on external sources, properly pursued, is an important development.

Moreover, the US has not shaken off its dependence on oil.

The economy seemed to have escaped its dependence on inventory accumulation.

First, the production chain must shift from export dependence toward domestic consumption.

The first is that dependence on Middle East oil is increasingly risky.

This same short term thinking characterizes the world s dependence on fossil fuels.

One result was a deepening of North Korea s economic dependence on China.

This external dependence increases their vulnerability to external economic threats and shocks.

Moreover, it would boost food supplies and reduce Afghanistan s exorbitant dependence on imports.

But Raúl Castro wants to avoid dependence on one or two countries alone.

But the element of personal dependence is a throwback to the preindustrial world.

Commodity dependence, even with the creation of considerable domestic value added, remains high.

The Arrhenius equation is a formula for the temperature dependence of reaction rates.

More political education was needed to break the psychology and culture of dependence.

The economy remained weak, however, with dependence on a few commodities, including vanilla.

Competition in fund raising is obviously accentuated by the dependence on supplementary funding.

One study of seventeen patients with intractable cancer pain found that thirteen were virtually pain free and only four required opioid analgesics on release from hospital after the intervention.

Sedation and cognitive impairment usually occur with the initial dose or a significant increase in dosage of a strong opioid, but improve after a week or two of consistent dosage.

Over dependence on aid and oil revenues characterizes almost all the economies of WANA.

The worst difficulties stem from China s dependence on international markets, especially the United States.

Interruption was also associated with homelessness, intravenous drug use, and alcohol dependence in Hamburg.

More importantly, the crisis highlighted the risks associated with high dependence on foreign capital.

The 1973 oil crisis strengthened Sweden's commitment to decrease dependence on imported fossil fuels.

We are convinced that Africa's dependence on aid will diminish as growth prospects improve.

UNCTAD presented a paper on Africa's trade performance and commodity dependence at the workshop.

Welcoming the fact that the World Health Organization is developing a strategy to integrate the availability of opioid pain medication into palliative care for HIV AIDS, cancer and other chronic diseases,

Welcoming the fact that the World Health Organization is developing a strategy to integrate the availability of opioid pain medication into palliative care for HIV AIDS, cancer and other chronic diseases,

In all cases, intervention needs to be tailored to the changing needs of specific target groups, such as young cannabis and amphetamine type stimulants (ATS) users, injecting opioid users and offenders.

A viable Russia policy for Europe must recognize Europe s growing dependence on Russian energy resources.

Specifically, export dependence partly reflects the high degree of difficulty of doing business in China.

It is difficult to overstate the dependence of modern economies on large scale computer systems.

This world summit recognizes that our globe is one of shared dependence and shared opportunity.

Only China was left, and North Korea s dependence on its northern neighbor is now almost total.