As long as interest rates remain low, there is no downward pressure on public investment.

Actual appreciation would lead to actual deflation and further downward pressure on domestic interest rates.

As markets underpriced risk in order to lend to increasingly indebted countries, pressure on interest rates diminished.

Eventually, central banks will need to exit quantitative easing and zero interest rates, putting downward pressure on risky assets, including commodities.

Tighter regulation of lending standards has shut out an important source of global investment demand, putting downward pressure on interest rates.

There could also be strong pressure from the US Congress not to raise interest rates.

Thus, emerging economies with large twin deficits and other macroeconomic fragilities may experience further downward pressure on their financial markets and growth rates.

External political pressure on the ECB and its president, Jean Claude Trichet, to lower interest rates and talk the euro down surely would increase.

Higher interest rates also raise the cost of borrowing to buy these assets, which may diminish demand for them, exerting downward pressure on their prices.

America s high rate of unemployment and the low rates of capacity utilization imply that there is little upward pressure on wages and prices in the US.

If that happens, China will no longer be a net buyer of US and other foreign bonds, putting upward pressure on interest rates in those countries.

Installing a conservative central banker helps to keep inflation expectations in check, thereby holding down long term interest rates and mitigating upward pressure on wages and prices.

Superior German economic performance has bid up the euro and European interest rates to levels that, while comfortable for the Germans, put pressure on the euro zone s laggards.

As a result, whenever the Fed cuts interest rates, it puts pressure on the whole dollar bloc to follow suit, lest their currencies appreciate as investors seek higher yields.

So savers did what one would expect seek higher risk adjusted returns in emerging economies, causing increases in credit and fueling upward pressure on exchange rates and asset prices.

China s annual economic growth has slowed to around 7.5 , while Indonesia and India and, outside Asia, Brazil and South Africa are experiencing sharp downward pressure on their exchange rates.

A stronger renminbi would also reduce demand pressure more broadly and more effectively than the current policy of raising interest rates.

With short term interest rates locked at zero, pressure for further appreciation would leave the PBC helpless to re expand the economy.

Indicators to be measured include not just rates of obesity, high blood pressure, and incidence of disease and related costs, but also absenteeism, school grades and graduation rates, employment statistics, accidents, and the like.

Reducing demographic pressure on forests.

The contribution of fiscal policy to growth is negligible in the presence of fixed exchange rates, a system heavily reliant on indirect taxes, increasing pressure from external debt and free capital mobility.

A back pressure valve on the gas outlet to maintain a steady pressure in the vessel.

The Swiss have also been under EU and sometimes international pressure to reduce banking secrecy and to raise tax rates to parity with the EU.

Owing to demographic pressure and women entering the labour force, the region has one of the highest rates of new entrants into the labour market.

There was nevertheless increasing pressure on Morocco.

However, the pressure on staff is unsustainable.

Typically, one looks to the head of the central bank to serve as a bulwark against political pressure to push down interest rates and raise inflation.

If interest rates were lowered beyond a certain point, the dollar would come under renewed pressure and long term bonds would actually go up in yield.

On September 13, the United States Federal Reserve announced that in the coming months it would purchase some 85 billion of long term securities per month, with the aim of putting downward pressure on long term interest rates and supporting growth.

The United States, in particular, put enormous pressure on Japan to take expansive policy measures to relieve the pressure on the international system.

Two factors are intensifying the pressure on Sarkozy.

This will certainly put pressure on the government.

Keep the pressure on them. Support the peace process.

There is no agreement on a pressure lower limit.

Illegal activity can also put pressure on forest resources.

As a result, these countries have been left ensnared in policy traps Orthodox defense strategies for plunging currencies usually entail higher interest rates an unpalatable option for emerging economies that are also experiencing downward pressure on economic growth.

Russia's foreign ministry warned against putting pressure on Myanmar on June 8.

This intervention upset the EU, as it has put upward pressure on the euro at a time when the European Central Bank has placed interest rates on hold while the Bank of Japan (BoJ) and the US Federal Reserve are easing monetary policy further.

Sound pressure level Sound pressure is the difference, in a given medium, between average local pressure and the pressure in the sound wave.

European pressure on President Bashar al Assad s regime is intensifying.

The Armed Forces continued to exert pressure on the ELN.

Currently, pressure must be maintained on the parties in Abuja.

On both counts, Europe still rates highly.

Given that investment banks can only attain high rates of return in a world with volatile asset prices and short term performance goals, companies pressure their managers to follow suit.

America will, of course, continue to put pressure on its allies, but democracy has a way of limiting the effectiveness of such pressure.