Non Tariff Barriers

Their exports today face a variety of barriers in their major markets, including non tariff trade barriers and other non tariff measures.

It will also take up non tariff barriers.

Improving market access involved not only tariff reduction but also relaxation of non tariff barriers and rules of origin.

However, more work is needed to find or create the appropriate tariff headings and to address non tariff barriers.

Methodologies, Classifications, Quantification and Development Impacts of Non Tariff Barriers

The Doha Ministerial Declaration (DMD) called for the reduction or, as appropriate, elimination of tariff and non tariff barriers to EGS.

Categories used in the WTO's most recent inventory of non tariff

CATEGORIES USED IN THE WTO's MOST RECENT INVENTORY OF NON TARIFF MEASURES

We call for better access to markets, in particular preferential markets with lowered tariff and non tariff barriers to trade with industrialized countries.

Nevertheless, scope remains for the liberalization and rationalization of tariffs in non agricultural goods, particularly for the removal of tariff bias, tariff escalation and tariff peaks affecting developing country exports in their major markets.

Item 3. Methodologies, classifications, quantification and development impacts of non tariff barriers (NTBs)

The agricultural sector is protected through high tariffs, tariff picks, tariff escalation and non tariff barriers in many developed countries, and market access is often denied to products from developing countries, including landlocked developing countries.

In this regard it is urgent to eliminate high tariffs, tariff picks, tariff escalation, non tariff barriers, export subsidies and to substantially reduce trade distorting domestic support for protecting the agricultural sector of developed countries.

Negotiating Group on Market Access, Overview of Proposals Submitted, Non Tariff Measures , WTO doc.

Tariffs have fallen, although non tariff barriers and preferential agreements have been on the rise.

These opportunities also include some specific export subsidies, non actionable subsidies and certain tariff increases.

Finally, subparagraph 31(iii) of the Doha Ministerial Declaration deals with the reduction or, as appropriate, elimination of tariff and non tariff barriers to environmental goods and services.

Demonstrated conformity to those standards and norms can offer enhanced market access, while non compliance can pose an effective non tariff barrier.

With the reduction in tariffs, non tariff barriers are increasingly becoming front stage market access concerns.

To this end, the scope of the World Trade Organization should be extended through the negotiation of future global arrangements that reduce subsidies and both tariff and non tariff barriers.

Countries of every sort will face requests to do their part to overcome hurdles to a new global trade accord. Tariff and non tariff barriers will need to come down.

(b) The elimination of trade distorting policies, protectionist practices and non tariff barriers in international trade relations

When progress is not being made, non tariff barriers grow like weeds in response to domestic interests.

Tariff and non tariff barriers to imports and exports imposed on a (developing) country may also encourage its TNCs to invest in other countries as a means of obtaining or delivering goods.

With formal tariffs already so low, negotiators will focus largely on non tariff barriers such as regulatory barriers.

V. and R. M. Stern 1997, Measurement of Non Tariff Barriers , OECD Economics Department Working Paper No.179.

An increasing number of developing countries have requested assistance, particularly in developing lists of EGs and identifying tariff and non tariff barriers affecting trade in these goods, as well as considering possible negotiating modalities.

Kee H.L., A. Nicita and M. Olarreaga, Ad Valorem Equivalents of Non Tariff Barriers , unpublished manuscript, World Bank, 2004.

In spite of the trend towards liberalization, however, the motivation to circumvent tariff and non tariff barriers to imports and exports is still present, especially in those host economies that remain relatively closed and regulated.

However, for them to take full advantage of such initiatives, enhanced market access for LDC exports should entail not only tariff reductions but also more flexibility regarding both non tariff measures and rules of origin.

The current trend is quite evident companies world wide are facing a growing number of non tariff barriers to exports.

Others stressed that the Doha Round should facilitate market access through appropriate tariff measures, scaling back of non tariff barriers, and agreement on rules of origin that are more cognizant of the conditions of these countries.

Meaningful improvements in market access will require the elimination of non tariff barriers to exports of interest to landlocked developing countries.

Inconclusive discussions have also been held on non tariff barriers, which are also being discussed in the negotiations on WTO rules.

Despite various preferential trade arrangements with its main trading partners, Africa's external trade continues to be hindered by a host of non tariff barriers and excessive market entry requirements that nullify the market access granted under preferential tariff regimes.

For example, the Trade Map analysed present export markets and provided market specific information on, for instance, tariffs and non tariff barriers.

At its ninth session, held in Geneva on 14 18 March 2005, the Commission on Trade in Goods and Services, and Commodities concluded that UNCTAD should examine the effects of non tariff barriers and decided, in accordance with the São Paulo Consensus, to convene an expert meeting on non tariff barriers (NTBs).

4. Recognizes that the substantial improvement of market access for exports of goods and services from developing countries through, inter alia, the reduction or removal of tariff and non tariff barriers should be assigned high priority in multilateral trade negotiations

TD B COM.1 EM.27 2 Methodologies, classifications, quantification and development impacts of non tariff barriers (NTBs) Note by the UNCTAD secretariat

Figure 14 Average tariff

We, like everyone here, have expressed the hope and determination that the Doha round to be held in December in Hong Kong will be a success, particularly with respect to the removal of trade distorting agricultural subsidies and tariff and non tariff barriers.

Formulas for tariff cutting under NAMA should be determined expeditiously so as to drastically reduce tariff peaks and tariff escalations, with adequate SDT made available to developing countries.

To facilitate the discussion, the UNCTAD secretariat has prepared a background note entitled Methodologies, classifications, quantification and development impacts of non tariff barriers (NTBs) .

These deliberations will benefit from the report and outcome of the Expert Meeting on Methodologies, Classifications, Quantification and Development Impacts of Non Tariff Barriers.