An increase in bank loans allows households and businesses to increase their spending.

Some claim that infrastructure spending creates a big Keynesian multiplier, a bigger increase in incomes than the initial spending (estimates range up to about 1.5 times the initial increase in spending).

As a result, businesses are not likely to increase capital spending.

The US should increase spending on programs to improve the police.

If the increase were considered permanent, however, it would make sense to increase spending or reduce tax pressure.

Others maintain that a temporary increase in spending now would boost growth.

That meant that the acceleration of growth in consumer spending accounted for nearly 100 of the increase in GDP, with the rise in durable spending accounting for almost half of that increase.

The reason Europeans are reluctant to increase defense spending is expense. Cutting welfare spending where the big money is would be painful.

This will be even more important in the future as China carries out its plan to increase domestic spending, especially spending by Chinese households.

BRUSSELS Is it time for fiscal consolidation or stimulus? Should governments cut or increase spending?

Last month, Prime Minister Vladimir Putin also announced yet another increase in Russian defense spending.

Efforts were made to prioritize work on the budget and increase coordination with spending agencies.

This in turn had made it possible to increase recurrent public spending in public services.

The key driver of the increase in final sales was a strong rise in consumer spending.

The resulting rise in equity prices would increase household wealth, providing a boost to consumer spending.

That figure matches closely the fall in household saving and the resulting increase in consumer spending.

And the government will increase its spending on consumption services like health care, education, and housing.

In both of these cases, large groups of people in America decided to increase their spending.

Obama, by contrast, would run larger deficits his spending increase is much larger than his tax increase which imply large tax hikes in the future.

Local governments were encouraged to increase their spending on public infrastructure projects in order to maintain growth.

Various reforms were proposed to increase spending on the school system and improve the standard of education.

Today, consumers' global spending power continues to increase, with private consumption expenditures totalling 22.1 trillion in 2004.

What recourse do creditor countries have if the debtor countries become the majority and decide to increase spending?

Total direct travel spending in California reached 96.7 billion in 2008, a 0.8 increase over the preceding year.

Of course, some government spending is desirable or necessary. But an increase in government outlays often means wasteful spending that produces less value than consumers would get from those same dollars.

The state faces another large budget deficit, yet Governor Jerry Brown s budget this year includes a substantial spending increase.

The government also announced plans earlier this month to increase infrastructure spending by 586 billion during 2009 and 2010.

Unfortunately, past spending pushed up wages, without a commensurate increase in productivity, leaving the heavy spenders indebted and uncompetitive.

In short, Latin American countries have used their additional export revenues to pay down debt and increase social spending.

Given scarce public funds and fiscal constraints, to increase spending, users must cover a higher share of the costs.

Similarly, the tax changes in such a stimulus package should provide incentives to increase spending by households and businesses.

This regional stasis may worsen as a result of growing nationalism an increase in social divisions within states weapons proliferation and an increase in military spending and environmental degradation.

A targeted support program could increase substantially the efficiency of spending, freeing up resources for education, health, and poverty eradication.

On this view, if fiscal austerity relieves households of the burden of future tax increases, they will increase their spending.

In addition to the automatic decline in tax revenues and increase in social welfare spending during a recession, many nations added large spending increases and or tax cuts to try to stimulate their economies.

Many governments increase spending excessively in booms, and then are forced to cut back in downturns, thereby exacerbating the cyclical swings.

This situation is forcing the Japanese government to reconsider its postwar pacifism, revise its defense strategy, and increase its military spending.

Moreover, the additional unemployment would lead to more social welfare spending, thus increasing the need to cut elsewhere or increase taxes.

At one extreme stands Argentina, with the largest increase in public spending relative to GDP in Latin America (almost ten points).

And it is also not surprising that quantitative easing has done so little to increase nominal spending and real economic activity.

The increase in Canada s public spending as a share of GDP since 2000 has been the smallest of the four countries

The resulting fall in wealth has reduced consumer spending, while the decline in homeowners equity prevents borrowing to finance any increase.

But you cannot argue that these groups did not increase their spending, and that their increased spending did not pull large numbers of Americans roughly two million in each case into productive and valued employment.

Recently, the European Central Bank reiterated its position that serious fiscal consolidation would generate enough increase in private sector confidence that gains in spending by households and businesses would more than offset lower spending by governments.

Now public spending is on the increase again, and record peacetime deficits of 10 or more of GDP stretch ahead for years.