World Investment Report 2005 Transnational Corporations and the Internationalization of R D.

Impact of R D activities by TNCs on developing countries Asia

In his opening address, the Chairperson of the Expert Meeting stressed the timeliness of linking the topics of R D and TNCs.

In technology generation, transfer and diffusion, developing countries are involving TNCs that are major players in global R D.

Some experts mentioned the potentially positive role of home countries in promoting FDI in R D in developing countries, for instance by reducing the risks faced by TNCs when conducting R D activities in foreign developing countries.

The Institute's survey of the research interests of member States has revealed the concern of African countries as regards the growing threat of transnational organized crime and terrorism.

Transnational crime

Transnational corporations

R D and innovative activities have generally been confined to the home countries of TNCs much more than manufacturing activities have been.

Source UNCTAD, FDI TNC database. (www.unctad.org fdistatistics).

Research is a major part of the development of intercultural communication skills.

Experts noted that, in Latin America and the Caribbean, R D activities of TNCs are relatively limited, especially when compared to Asia.

Apart from the fact that these initiatives include the participation of TNCs, the scope of positive corporate contributions in this regard could be further explored.

The research guidelines of U.S. National Academy of Sciences or Research Councils of the U.K.

The role of home country policies in encouraging TNCs to invest in R D in developing countries and thus bringing benefits to these countries was also addressed.

Activities of transnational corporations.

In accordance with its agenda, the Expert Meeting on the Impact of FDI on Development discussed the globalization of research and development (R D) by transnational corporations (TNCs) and its implications for developing countries.

The presence of Indian nationals in the R D centres in developed countries could also influence the choices of TNCs in locating their overseas laboratories in India.

Some experts concluded that cost advantages are of relatively low importance as a driver for developing country TNCs' R D investments abroad.

The need to explore the possibilities for the international community to support the strengthening of developing countries' national innovation systems, including enhancing opportunities for developing countries to benefit from the internationalization of R D activities by TNCs, was highlighted.

Monitoring mechanisms of activities of TNCs

She referred in that connection to the emerging globalization of research and development (R D) by transnational corporations (TNCs), on which an Expert Meeting had been held in January 2005.

Preliminary text of the draft Bangkok Declaration on Crime and Justice, Synergies and Responses Strategic Alliances in Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice

Effective measures to combat transnational organized crime

Algeria, Bolivia, Burkina Faso, Croatia, Egypt, El Salvador, Jordan, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa, Syrian Arab Republic and Zambia revised draft resolution

The extent to which developing countries could benefit from knowledge diffusion and innovation also depends on the extent to which a TNC is embedded in the wider network of research operations, including domestic firms and the public sector.

The end of the last sentence should accordingly be changed from transnational organized crime and terrorism to transnational organized crime, terrorism and corruption .

United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime

3. Effective measures to combat transnational organized crime.

(a) Effective measures to combat transnational organized crime

(e) Links between transnational organized crime and terrorism

They were contagious across national frontiers.

United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and its Protocols

International cooperation in the fight against transnational organized crime

(j) The work of the working group on transnational corporations

In favour

Australia, Germany, India, Nigeria, United States of America.

Relation with the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime

United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime.

United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime

Declarations

13 See Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 2005, Supplement No. 7 (E 2005 27 and Corr.1), chap.

The international community now has five new instruments in the area of transnational crime the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the three protocols thereto and the Convention against Corruption.

Report of the national seminar on the implementation of the universal instruments to combat terrorism, transnational organized crime and corruption

55 25. United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime