III. class='bold'>MANUFACTURING

This decline was a consequence of the decrease in the class='bold'>class='bold'>share of class='bold'>manufacturing activities in Singapore's GDP in the same period.

Encouragement of tourist and class='bold'>manufacturing activities

47. The economic diversification index (EDI) consists of four variables the class='bold'>proportion of the labour force in class='bold'>class='bold'>industry, the class='bold'>class='bold'>share of class='bold'>manufacturing in GDP, per capita electricity consumption and the export concentclass='bold'>ration index.

The class='bold'>industrial sector includes class='bold'>manufacturing, mining, and utilities.

To date there has been little class='bold'>manufacturing abroad.

class='bold'>Manufacturing value added (billions of dollars)

In terms of activity abroad, the class='bold'>share of the class='bold'>manufacturing sector remained fairly consistent, hovering between 18 per cent and 25 per cent in the same period.

Programme Component D.1 Competitive class='bold'>Manufacturing

The class='bold'>industrial sector, especially class='bold'>manufacturing, continues to be the main driver of growth in the region.

Over the last two decades, developing countries have stabilized their export earnings by increasing the class='bold'>class='bold'>share of class='bold'>manufacturing exports in their total exports to about 70 per cent.

UNIDO's energy efficiency programme addresses the fact that class='bold'>class='bold'>industry is one of the biggest users of energy.

class='bold'>Manufacturing and software were selected because they are the two largest investors from the Indian economy.

Agriculture and class='bold'>manufacturing activities continue to play a secondary role.

The territorial Government reports that the class='bold'>manufacturing sector is still in its infancy.

This involves blueprints, class='bold'>industrial class='bold'>manufacturing and construction using teams of workers.

Table 6 class='bold'>Proportion of the working population in class='bold'>class='bold'>industry

But in other companies I've seen, for sure. So, in class='bold'>manufacturing, they abandoned that linear way of working.

But that's still a little bit vague. And so the next step in lean class='bold'>manufacturing was to focus on cycle time.

Growth was broadly based in most countries, and class='bold'>manufacturing, in particular, benefited from the upturn in the electronics cycle and strong export demand.

Other structure options that had been considered, such as the elimination of a class='bold'>manufacturing aggregate at the top level, were rejected.

The class='bold'>manufacturing growth rate had risen to 9.2 per cent in the previous six months.

Both the class='bold'>manufacturing and construction sectors lost their importance as major sources of employment and income.

(a) the methods and economics of the class='bold'>manufacturing process for the goods or of the construction methods or of the services provided

This difference in class='bold'>manufacturing's class='bold'>share reflects the changing class='bold'>industrial origin of Singaporean firms that engage in OFDI and the continuing importance of the class='bold'>manufacturing sector as a favoured class='bold'>industrial activity abroad.

Major sectors of the Jamaican economy include agriculture, mining, class='bold'>manufacturing, tourism, and financial and insurance services.

The local class='bold'>manufacturing sector includes printing, fish processing, ship repair, tourist related crafts and the manufacture of paint.

Overall, the service sector has been growing, whereas class='bold'>manufacturing as a whole is contracting.

It has benefited 2,214 women wage earners in the maquiladora class='bold'>class='bold'>industry in the State of Coahuila (in addition to the training given to 750 men in maquiladora enterprises in that State) and 428 women in the informal sector in Guerrero State.

The class='bold'>manufacturing, commerce, transport and communication, insurance and real estate sectors employ, in sum, 13 per cent of the workforce.

In Africa, the class='bold'>class='bold'>share of class='bold'>manufacturing exports of about 30 per cent in 2000 represented an increase of only 10 percentage points compared with the 1980 class='bold'>share, while the continent's class='bold'>share of world merchandise exports fell from 6.3 per cent in 1980 to 2.5 per cent in 2000 in value terms.

The class='bold'>class='bold'>share of class='bold'>manufacturing in India's GDP was increasing at a rapid pace, and a liberal foreign direct investment (FDI) policy and continuous class='bold'>rationalization and lowering of taxes and duties had made India an attractive destination both for domestic and foreign investors.

FDI is negligible in primary activities and low in class='bold'>manufacturing. An exception is Mexico, from which relatively more outward FDI has been in class='bold'>manufacturing.

However, class='bold'>manufacturing's contribution to job creation is historically lower than job creation in agriculture and services.

3. Allocation of an increasing class='bold'>share of foreign exchange for imports of vital inputs for agriculture and class='bold'>manufacturing sectors expansion of agricultural and class='bold'>industrial employment increased domestic output of essential commodities and avoidance of import strangulation and increased interlinkages between agriculture and class='bold'>class='bold'>industry.

For class='bold'>manufacturing SINTNCs, venturing into North America enabled them to become a truly global player in their respective industries.

Accordingly, the class='bold'>proportion of the labour force in class='bold'>class='bold'>industry is also appreciably higher.

In the class='bold'>manufacturing class='bold'>class='bold'>industry, this reputation as a TNC is equally important in a bargaining context.

37. The class='bold'>manufacturing and agriculture sectors in the Territory exist on a limited scale and therefore contribute little to the economy of the Territory.

UNIDO was contributing both to job creation and a conducive environment for investment in the agricultural and class='bold'>manufacturing sectors of class='bold'>class='bold'>industry.

In Zambia, the decline in the class='bold'>share of class='bold'>class='bold'>industry had been mainly due to a decline in reinvestment.

4. Recognizes the need for increasing the integclass='bold'>ration of African class='bold'>class='bold'>industry in world class='bold'>manufacturing and, for that purpose, calls for the support of the international community in achieving the goals of the Second class='bold'>Industrial Development Decade for Africa

The class='bold'>share of class='bold'>class='bold'>industry in the gross domestic product (GDP) of many African countries was declining.

In the class='bold'>industrial and class='bold'>manufacturing sectors, women were emerging as a greater force on account of economic pressures and the expanded scope created in various class='bold'>manufacturing industries, such as garments, textiles, electronics, frozen food, packaging and processing.

This reason is equally important for both class='bold'>manufacturing and service SINTNCs.