Business, including foreign owned companies, can often provide expertise on technology, industrial standards and skills.

Italian banks were banned from holding securities in industrial corporations.

Land reform was already complete, and the transfer of small and medium sized industrial and commercial companies was currently under way.

During this period, there was rapid expansion among small and medium sized firms and a gradual retrenchment among the large firms which had hitherto characterised the region's industrial base.

In countries with a poor business environment, special economic zones or industrial parks can facilitate firm entry, foreign direct investment, and the formation of industrial clusters.

In 2011, Chinese companies spent 8 billion ( 1.3 billion) on industrial robots.

Indeed, even firms in advanced industrial countries that have not received a subsidy are at an unfair advantage.

A number of both national and multinational high tech and industrial companies, are also responsible for research and development projects.

Application of science and technology in the industrial sectors is more or less dominated by the private sector, the majority of them being multinational companies.

In addition to participating directly in financing investments, IDC helps companies identify investment opportunities abroad.

Startup companies exemplify the potential benefits of risk taking. While only about 49 of manufacturing startups and 37 of information startups survive for four or more years, those that do have managed to produce breakthrough innovations.

The programme also aims to increase resource efficiency and better management by introducing the concept of cleaner production in participating industrial companies and to strengthen the capacity of local partners.

Investment subsidies and tax reductions are frequently used to attract industrial companies to locate their factories in rural areas so as to stimulate the rural economy.

In the industrialized countries small companies may be responsible for environmental pollution, a fact that has sometimes been ignored in the rush to blame the large companies for their more obvious and better documented environmental impact.

Satellite, not a satellite, sorry.

Several industrial companies are active in contributing to the design, engineering and manufacture of European satellites and ESA space technology programmes.

Big companies. Big companies.

With its highly developed communication and transport facilities, Bahrain is home to a number of multinational firms and construction proceeds on several major industrial projects.

Special attention was given to strengthening linkages between government mineral policies, rural community needs and industrial corporate strategy in order to integrate the mineral sector into the development process.

All companies die, all companies.

Several ministries (environment, industry, trade, finance) have to be involved and agree, after consultations with industry and commercial companies concerned, on the measures.

Industry property

Industrial applications

Industrial uses

5. Industrial development 215

Industrialized Trend

Industrial Processes Agri

Industrial policy

Industrial incidents.

Synthetic Drugs

In the area of Asmara there were in 1940 more than 2000 small and medium sized industrial companies, concentrated in the areas of construction, mechanics, textiles, electricity and food processing.

China s state owned enterprises are powerful forces in the economy, with substantial political influence they will resist the shift from heavy industry to services.

In the autumn, as much as 50 percent of all enterprises were closed down in the Urals, the Donbas, and other industrial centers, leading to mass unemployment.

Progress had been made in recent years, as individual firms and industry associations had adopted new policies and as voluntary multi stakeholder initiatives, such as those discussed at the consultation, had been put in place.

For instance, at UNIDO, three databases on industrial statistics in the INDSTAT series are maintained.

12. UNIDO Industrial Development Board, 19 23 June Vienna fourteenth session

11. UNIDO Industrial Development Board, fourteenth session

Industrial Strength Africa

Making Industrial Policy Work

The Next Industrial Revolution

The Return of Industrial Policy

E. Industrialized countries

5. Industrial development 2 273.5 (328.3) (14.4) 1 945.2 42.6 1 987.8

6. Industrial development 1 225.2 798.9 351.3 359.8 444.0 299.2 2 253.2

5. Industrial development