The Doha Ministerial Declaration (DMD) called for the reduction or, as appropriate, elimination of tariff and non tariff barriers to EGS.

This note focuses on selected trade and environment issues that have received considerable attention in the international debate, as well as in UNCTAD's work since UNCTAD XI.

It undertakes the classification, environmental control, storage and disposal of hazardous goods and scrap.

quot Market for environmental goods and services will balloon in 1990 apos s quot , World Bank News, vol.

Environmental considerations increasingly influenced commodity supply and demand.

The analysis on environmental goods and services (EGS) focuses on identifying environmental goods of potential environmental and trade interest for developing countries.

Funding is provided for policy oriented analysis of the links between policies and environmental effects of production and processing in the commodity sector and for a conceptual study on the internalization of environmental externalities in prices of commodities.

They can offer increased productivity, economic benefits, and more diversity in the ecological goods and services provided.

EGS was a main theme of the UNCTAD Trade and Environment Review 2003.

Multilateral negotiations should take the environmental goods and services of export interest to developing countries fully into account.

25. Evidence from the past few years shows a sizeable and rapid market development in environmental goods, services and investments.

One supporting tool in this endeavour will be the further development of national environmental profiles, identifying among other things environmental issues that have a major impact on social and economic development, the value of environmental goods and services, degradation and returns on investment.

(e) Examination of the manner in which prices of natural commodities and their synthetic competitors could reflect environmental costs.

But mounting environmental challenges, and the limited availability of commodity substitutes, suggest that a reprieve on commodity prices is not near.

UNCTAD XI called for efforts to identify and promote environmental goods and services of actual and potential interest to developing countries .

The July package refers explicitly only to non agricultural environmental goods covered in paragraph 31(iii) of the Doha Ministerial Declaration .

Efforts are being made to encourage ways by which development of the commodity sector, including diversification, and environmental concerns could be made mutually reinforcing.

An increasing number of developing countries have requested assistance, particularly in developing lists of EGs and identifying tariff and non tariff barriers affecting trade in these goods, as well as considering possible negotiating modalities.

These will include considerations in the field of environmental requirements and market access for developing countries, trade liberalization in environmental goods and services, the promotion of production and use of renewable energy, and the protection, preservation and sustainable use of traditional knowledge.

In its deliberations on this matter, the Committee on Trade and Environment in its special sessions focused on clarifying the concept of so called environmental goods .

Exchange markets have been established for environmental commodities, such as credits for sulfur dioxide, the gas largely responsible for acid rain.

The analysis has also revealed a high share of multiple use products in developing countries' imports of EGs, which implies that these countries may face a difficult trade off between reduced tariff revenues and not so certain environmental benefits.

For example, we are concerned that environmental causes should not be used as barriers to access for goods produced in developing countries to the markets of those with more prosperous economies.

Export of goods, FOB Import of goods, FOB Trade balance

Any agreement on EGs will necessitate dealing with very diverse product groups, based on the recognition of their enabling, service like role, a recognition supported by the link with the negotiations on environmental services made in the Doha Ministerial Declaration.

Lists of environmental goods have been tabled by delegations and are now before the committee a set of environmental goods is slowly beginning to emerge.

The case studies focus on how, and to what extent, countries have integrated environmental concerns and natural resource management issues in their policies and planning procedures affecting the commodity sector.

xxix

He commended UNCTAD's work on a wide variety of trade and environment issues, in particular on environmental goods and services, environmental requirements and market access, export opportunities for organic products, and the BioTrade initiative.

Commodities

Number of commodities

Commodities 25.3

Delivery of goods

Hand over the goods.

and sound environmental practices . 37 48 14

Recent UNCTAD activities include the Expert Meeting on Definitions and Dimensions of Environmental Goods and Services in Trade and Development (July 2003), policy analysis, statistical analysis and capacity building.

Environmental information, assessment and early warning Enhanced coordination of environmental conventions and development of environmental policy instruments Freshwater Technology transfer and industry Support to Africa.

Environmental activities

Environmental concerns

11.20 The Division of Environmental Conventions is responsible for the implementation of this subprogramme.

Regional Cooperation and Representation

Environmental accounting

Environmental awareness.

17 22 Environmental indicators 21 May 1993 54

Environmental legislation