The quest for market efficiency has also led to a frightening rise in complexity.

That extra spending means a higher level of nominal GDP (output at market prices).

Key trends in emerging market economies include high and increasing unemployment and low employment rates.

The high price of oil was governed by the market and was beyond the control of energy exporting countries.

The premiums would be set so that there would be no reason for insurance companies to withdraw from the market in response to greater risk.

A monopoly is poison for a market economy, because it increases prices and decreases volume.

Reflecting their faith in markets, most economists dismiss the idea that speculation is responsible for the price rise.

There are market economies that are doing better, both in terms of both GDP growth and rising living standards for most citizens.

American officials call this manipulation, arguing that market forces would have resulted in a sharper renminbi appreciation than has occurred.

Lower demand for Greek debt caused its price to fall, meaning that its yield in terms of market interest rates rose.

But growing inequality is not inevitable. There are market economies that are doing better, both in terms of both GDP growth and rising living standards for most citizens.

Whether evaluating an assumption about the rise of house prices or whether a news story is true, the market does not provide a definitive answer instantaneously.

It is not in high demand in the global food market, and thus has little impact on food prices and food security.

The alternative standing back and letting the markets handle things would have brought America and the world higher unemployment than now exists.

It also appeared that since the Russian crisis there has not been a contagion effect in the forms of drying up of credit or higher spreads for other emerging market countries.

Russia s economic growth is still driven by the sound market reforms undertaken in the 1990 s and Putin s first term, together with high oil and gas prices.

The increases are attributable mainly to the increase in airfare for military observers, based on the latest market rates, and the new methodology for reimbursement of contingent owned equipment.

First, once we look outside transfers within the financial sector, the total global effects of this chunk of finance is a gain of perhaps 340 billion in increased real shareholder value from higher expected future profits.

But the market forces that cause those currencies to appreciate do not work on the renminbi, because China has only very limited capital account convertibility.

Sugar was the primary export from the 1940s on, but rising production costs, low world market prices, and the government's efforts to reduce dependence on it have led to a growing diversification of the agricultural sector.

The height of the root is the height of the tree.

Fortunately, the market consensus concerning the dollar s inevitable rise as US interest rates increase is almost certainly wrong, for three reasons.

While the previous round of housing sector restrictions, implemented less than two years ago, dampened market sentiment temporarily, it failed to curb rising property prices.

Perhaps the reason was ideology we were too wedded to the idea that markets are efficient, market participants are rational, and high prices are justified by economic fundamentals.

Higher prices can mean higher incomes for them.

The altitude of each cloud represents the height of that player's tower.

This signals a remarkable shift in relative demand for high quality and liquid financial assets an extraordinary rise in market wide excess demand for such assets.

Even though the share of internationally active SMEs was increasing, the majority of firms were not prepared to cope with the heightened international competition on the global market.

Meanwhile, the euro s recent appreciation (particularly against the Japanese yen) limits Europe s ability to compensate for anemic global demand by capturing greater market share.

And I want to know the market the size of the market.

The yen s weakening will mean higher import costs, and therefore a higher rate of inflation.

Industrial market economies have been suffering from periodic financial crises, followed by high unemployment, at least since the Panic of 1825 nearly caused the Bank of England to collapse.

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History shows that rising inflation is eventually followed by higher nominal interest rates.

In principle, greater use of market mechanisms to allocate health care can slow or even temporarily reverse the rise in healthcare costs.

Straw and cereals. With prices of finite fossil fuels rising and cereal prices falling to record world market levels, it is becoming economically interesting to use cereals, in addition to straw, for energy production.

The male dog should not be less than at the shoulders, a female .

Why can t our wonderfully flexible market economies roll with the punches? Won t high prices cause people to conserve on consumption and seek out new sources of supply?

The reasoning seems to be that growth requires market confidence, which in turn requires fiscal retrenchment. As Angela Merkel puts it, growth can t come at the price of high state budget deficits.

Many of these state owned companies in countries like Russia and Venezuela are not responding merely to market forces, but are using their newfound pricing power for political purposes.

Target market

A niche market is the subset of the market on which a specific product is focused.