One would then find that government spending cuts or tax hikes tend to be followed by bad economic times, even if the causality runs the other way.

There is also the issue of reverse causality.

A proper historical analysis would help to identify cases in which debt was incurred for reasons other than the state of the economy, so that causality arguably runs from debt to growth, rather than the other way around.

But causality might also run in the opposite direction.

And the biggest problem here is accounting for possible reverse causality.

He runs.

This would be helped greatly by a more systematic collection of casualty and causality data.

Lynn runs fast.

This dog runs fast.

Tom runs very fast.

Many an econometrician s career has been built on finding a clever way to establish the direction of causality.

It noted that a particular strength of the book is its outline of the scientific method and the basic principles of probability and causality, and its coverage of the difficulty of explaining science to the public, such as the difference between causality and coincidence.

It runs out of space.

The automobile runs on electricity.

Ken runs faster than you.

How fast that horse runs!

The irony runs even deeper.

The leveret runs in the steppe.

The US Still Runs the World

The political narrative runs in parallel.

Well Jo'anna she runs a country

Whatever the reason for the observed positive cross country correlation between income and democracy, it should not be confused with causality.

So, why not let evidence, rather than theory, guide policy? Unfortunately, it is hard to get clear cut evidence of causality.

The Russian Threat Runs Out of Fuel

Reinvigorating global growth runs a distant second.

She runs in Durban and the Transvaal

It then runs northwards into South Sudan.

The experiment typically runs for a year.

Beneath Green Park still runs Tyburn stream.

Abbas s son, Mazen, runs a local advertising agency.

His son Ahmed Bile runs for Georgetown University.

General studies There have been few studies of the causality of women's behavior and interests, when they do not match the female gender role.

One part of the world runs large deficits for a prolonged period, creating demand another part of the world runs surpluses, financing its counterparts deficits.

Otherwise, bank runs and debt panics will be rampant.

This kind of enlightened stimulus runs into strong prejudices.

So there would be no need for bank runs.

The road to change in Burma runs through Beijing.

Mohammed Ali, her three year old son, runs ahead.

It lasts 5½ months and runs twice a year.

The Challenge runs annually, roughly from January to June.

And then everybody kind of runs out and goes out.

The river Marcal runs along part of its western border.

Gael runs after Gabino and then the police arrests him.

The OSCE runs police development units in the western Balkans.

In other words, precisely because occasional traders trade rarely, it is much easier to prove the nexus of causality between their trades and an illegal tip.