Their poverty causes low farm productivity, and low farm productivity reinforces their poverty.

First, low productivity sectors shed labor.

First, they were trapped in a vicious circle of low income, low savings and low investment, leading to low productivity and low growth.

And a small division of labor means low productivity.

The strenuousness of women's work and its low productivity.

Such investments would drive a decisive shift from low productivity to higher productivity sectors, boosting employment and wages.

The poor are caught in a complex poverty trap in which low income leads to low consumption, which in turn results in low capacity and low productivity.

Indeed, a large part of the population subsists on low productivity jobs.

They cultivate very small plots of land, with very low agricultural productivity.

Expanding the service sector, where productivity is low, will hold back aggregate output.

Labor productivity is also quite low For most economies in the region, service sector productivity is less than 20 of the OECD average.

Modern, high productivity industries have come to employ a smaller share of the economy s labor force, while informal and other low productivity activities have expanded.

Austerity reduced the number of employed workers, particularly those with low skill and productivity levels.

The trick is to ensure that the economy undergoes the right kind of structural change a shift from the low productivity to the high productivity sectors.

The growing proportion of low productivity labor has also contributed to rising inequality in American society.

Two tier crop rotation was practiced, but farm productivity was low, around 1 ton per hectare.

Without it, the region will not be able to overcome its low levels of productivity and competitiveness.

As shown in a previous study by the secretariat, these changes are underscored by a shift in the industrial base towards low productivity, low pay activities.

So a country where labor productivity is low will become an attractive location for foreign direct investment, and the resulting increase in the capital labor ratio will raise productivity.

Productivity is low and the incorporation of new technology is still limited to an elite group of companies.

In most regions, jobs created over the past decade were characterized by low productivity and lack of social protection.

All these factors contribute to high levels of fertility, morbidity and mortality, as well as to low economic productivity.

Aggressive development of services such as transport, retail, and restaurants, which today are dominated by low productivity, low paying local businesses, many run by sole proprietors is another imperative.

The manufacturing sector, squeezed by stagnating productivity and competition from China and other low cost producers, is no longer competitive.

For catch up countries, like China, rapid growth is often accompanied by brisk structural change that moves factors of production, especially labor, from low productivity activities to economic sectors with much higher productivity.

It is no surprise that the public sector, where productivity is low and fiscal constraints soft, typically has the greatest union concentration.

One factor limiting Brazil s prospects is its low productivity, which can be explained partly by an anemic investment rate of 18 of GDP low for Latin America and paltry compared to East Asia.

Rather, costs are low because for almost two centuries colonial powers and then domestic governments hobbled markets and restricted international trade, leaving a legacy of wages so low that they offset weaker productivity.

Faced with sluggish external demand, weak domestic consumption, rising labor costs, and low productivity, China depends excessively on investment to drive economic growth.

The right approach must combine reasonable wage restraint and low (but not negative) inflation with microeconomic policy measures aimed at encouraging productivity increases.

Three quarters of the world s poor live in rural areas, where agricultural workers suffer the highest incidence of poverty, largely owing to low productivity, seasonal unemployment, and the low wages paid by most rural employers.

Those who predict generally low interest rates over the next generation point to rapid growth of productivity and potential output in the world economy.

Moreover, some countries industrial composition and low rates of productivity growth mean that a fixed exchange rate would doom them to increasingly large trade deficits.

In the modern, more productive parts of the economy, productivity (while typically still low) is much closer to what we observe in the advanced countries.

At the same time, they should tackle other major threats to Europe s long term competitiveness, including low productivity, an incomplete internal market, and insufficient innovation.

In addition, at least half of all these jobs are in the informal sector, where low levels of productivity, wages, stability and social protection prevail.

Improving carbon productivity requires improving land productivity.

For catch up countries, like China, rapid growth is often accompanied by brisk structural change that moves factors of production, especially labor, from low productivity activities to economic sectors with much higher productivity. This adds to the surplus by increasing firms profitability.

Over the past 20 years, the usual culprits seem to be low labor productivity, bad macroeconomic management, and divided governments that make legislative consensus almost impossible.

Although the labor force was traditionally skilled and efficient, inadequate incentives for labor and management contributed to high labor turnover, low productivity, and poor product quality.

(g) Conduct an assessment of hidden costs of conflicts, covering the cost for wasted time, loss of skilled staff, low morale and productivity and health costs

Low productivity of licit agricultural crops, insufficient infrastructure and lack of access to technology, credits and markets all inhibit the generation of licit income beyond subsistence levels.

This makes it attractive to employers, but it is low productivity work, and it increases the difficulty of finding steady employment for the majority of a country s workforce.

China may be able to rely on policy reforms to boost productivity growth but, with relatively low innovative capacity, it will struggle to catch up with frontier technologies.

In each country, a number of prices are rigid, because sellers resist selling cheaper, as low productivity gains and wage defense by unions leave no margin for lower prices.