Some Parties have developed policies for cleaner industrial production.

Explicit industrial policies can be an even more potent instrument.

African governments must undertake industrial policies to help restructure their economies.

But that potential will be realized only if governments actively pursue green industrial policies.

The third risk is that industrial policies run afoul of international commitments and obligations.

First, industrial policy is a state of mind rather than a list of specific policies.

Greater use of industrial policies is the price to be paid for a reduction of macroeconomic imbalances.

We encouraged research based policies, even when that research was critical of policies being pushed by certain advanced industrial countries and by some in the Bank.

The great advantage of industrial policies is that they enable growth promoting structural change without generating trade surpluses.

But in other areas, such as trade, employment, or industrial policies, prevailing thinking is either naïve or non existent.

And they have made little systematic use of explicit industrial policies that could act as a substitute for undervaluation.

Concretely, that means wage increases in Germany and industrial policies that promote exports and productivity in Europe s peripheral economies.

Their governments pursued not just good fundamentals (e.g., macroeconomic stability and an outward orientation), but also what might be called productivist policies undervalued currencies, industrial policies, and financial controls.

A common market including harmonized policies for free movement of factors of production will enhance competitiveness, industrial development, and productivity.

The Programme will contribute towards reducing trade impediments, promote the harmonization of industrial, trade and technology policies, reduce bottlenecks for FDI and help to ensure conformity and compliance with industrial standards and environmental norms.

The services related to POPs will focus on building institutional capacities for promoting the integration of environmental considerations into industrial development policies and strategies, thus mainstreaming the environmental agenda to the industrial development process.

The goal of industrial policies is to identify these spillovers, and governments have done a very credible job in this respect.

If China were allowed a free hand with industrial policies, it could promote manufactures directly while allowing the renminbi to appreciate.

The moment of enlightenment came only when those policies also began inflicting costs on the US and other advanced industrial countries.

Policymakers in the industrial core looked the other way as rapidly growing East Asian countries acquired Western technologies and industrial capabilities through unorthodox policies such as subsidies, local content requirements, reverse engineering, and currency undervaluation.

One such implication is that developing countries will have to substitute real industrial policies for those that operate through the exchange rate.

Geographical differences and government social policies that have been more favorable to urban and industrial sectors may be also be to blame.

The exception has been China s dramatic stimulus measures, which, being industrial policies, will be a source of severe trouble in the future.

The limited success of Brazil's industrial development policies over the past two decades could be explained by both internal and external factors.

But, putting such successes aside, the point of industrial policy is not to pick winners at all. Rather, successful industrial policies identify sources of positive externalities sectors where learning might generate benefits elsewhere in the economy.

The latter were the building blocks of vibrant industrial activity and, together with appropriate policies, a strong legal framework and the necessary physical infrastructure and trade facilitation measures, could create an environment conducive to industrial development.

The world economy would have been better off with fewer restrictions on the use of industrial policies by China (and other developing countries).

Such an approach needs to be complemented by appropriate industrial investment and technology policies, and by inclusive financial facilities designed to support them.

First, consumption has to give way smoothly to investment, as past excess capacity is worked off and as expansionary policies in industrial countries normalize.

Thanks to policies introduced with the full support of the Member States, UNIDO had been strengthened and now excelled in promoting industrial development worldwide.

This is true not only of China, Singapore, France, and Brazil countries usually associated with such policies but also for the United Kingdom, Germany, Chile, and the United States, whose industrial policies are often less explicit.

Support is also provided to improve the organization of the system of industrial governance, and in particular for the organization of effective public and private partnerships and consultation mechanisms in the formulation, implementation and monitoring of industrial strategies and policies.

In addition, China must live with restrictions on its industrial policies that none of these other countries, in pre WTO days, had to abide by.

Taking into account the specific needs of the different countries in terms of their industrial development policies and priorities, job descriptions were prepared and advertised.

List noted how Britain s emergence as the first industrial nation at the end of the eighteenth century depended on prior state policies to promote British industry.

Over the longer term, most economists agree that governments, especially in advanced industrial countries with aging populations, should be concerned about the sustainability of their policies.

Such an approach needs to be complemented by appropriate industrial investment and technology policies, and by inclusive financial facilities designed to support them. In addition, new and potentially viable production capacities need to be fostered through complementary developmental policies.

NEW HAVEN The International Monetary Fund s October World Economic Outlook proclaimed that, Strong public policies have fostered a rebound of industrial production, world trade, and retail sales.

Consequences The failure of agricultural policies, the movement of farmers from agricultural to industrial work, and possibly weather conditions led to millions of deaths from severe famine.

Active policies are a way of reversing the negative effects of industrial restructuring in transition economies and to help integrate vulnerable people furthest from the labor markets.

The aim of cooperation must be the formulation of medium and long term industrial development policies, with a view to ensuring their continuity through changes of government.

The agreement had also paved the way for promoting economic and industrial development assistance policies through voluntary contributions to the Industrial Development Fund, and it had served as a sound basis for projects and programmes in a number of countries in a variety of areas.

Policy advisory services for the preparation of strategy and policy related reports, studies and analyses Executive training courses for policy makers in state of the art approaches and knowledge on industrial strategies, policies and governance Assistance in the establishment of industrial support institutions, public private partnerships, and consultation mechanisms to encourage consensual policy making and to create an enabling environment for industrial development.

But what is needed now are policies that will allow WANA to join the third industrial revolution the post carbon economy of renewable energy and the fuel cell plug in car.

This component provides consistent and accurate statistical information on industry to the global community of stakeholders and researchers involved in formulation, implementation and monitoring of industrial development strategies, policies and programmes.