At multilateral level promote harmonization and equivalence.

Functional equivalence (A CN.9 WG.I WP.38, paras.

The figures for ODA are based on concessional transfers with grant equivalence of 25 per cent of nominal flows.

How can the concept of technical equivalence be more effectively implemented?

This article would promulgate the general principles of functional equivalence and technological neutrality to be observed in communicating during the procurement process, without stipulating the conditions for functional equivalence between electronic and written tenders.

In this regard, the Meeting of States Parties decided to maintain equivalence with the remuneration levels of judges of the International Court of Justice.

See Ken Commins (2004), Overview of current status of standards and conformity assessment systems in Harmonization and Equivalence in Organic Agriculture Volume 1, Background papers of the International Task Force on Harmonization and Equivalence in Organic Agriculture.

Compliance with the international standard could be used as the basis for determining equivalence, ideally at a multilateral level, as this greatly reduces transaction costs.

Special provisions were needed to establish functional equivalence between electronic communications and other types of documents.

Calculated as adults getting less than 2350 calories day or Rs. 748.56 adult equivalence per month.

Calculated as adults getting less than 2350 calories day or Rs. 748.56 adult equivalence per month.

In this structure, a map is a coarse equivalence if and only if it is a bijection (of sets).

Then a free loop in formula_1 is an equivalence class of continuous functions from the circle formula_3 to formula_1.

Paragraph 3 (a) of article 9 lays down general criteria for functional equivalence between handwritten signatures and electronic signatures.

On the basis of Einstein's principle of mass energy equivalence, this mass corresponds to a rest energy of 0.511 MeV.

It is therefore appropriate to ensure equivalence, in terms of reliability, between messages exchanged in electronic form and paper documents.

The establishment of an obligation for service providers which technically is quite practicable would make it possible to retain functional equivalence.

This assumes Ricardian equivalence debt financed public spending at least partly crowds out private spending through its impact on expectations and confidence.

The Working Group had therefore taken the view that equivalence between handwritten and electronic signatures should be assured by a sufficiently reliable method.

The approach adopted consists in recognizing the functional equivalence between electronic and paper documents where guarantees for their storage and integrity are assured.

There is thus a need for and a general move in the direction of harmonization, equivalence and mutual recognition in the organic sector.

Draft article 9 on form requirements, for instance, laid down a number of essential conditions for functional equivalence between electronic communications and paper documents.

However, the Working Group had ultimately lowered its ambitions, merely seeking functional equivalence for electronic communications in the areas to which the draft convention applied.

Nonetheless, the Working Group considered that the Guide to Enactment should describe the concepts, referring to functional equivalence provisions in the Model Law as necessary.

With regard to the level of remuneration of the members of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea ( the Tribunal ), the fourth Meeting of States Parties decided to maintain equivalence with the remuneration levels of judges of the International Court of Justice.

It's connected to, what I call, the principle of computational equivalence, which tells us that even incredibly simple systems can do computations as sophisticated as anything.

Nonetheless, he was able to make a number of novel, testable predictions that were based on his starting point for developing his new theory the equivalence principle.

As to the second element, it was observed that the aim of the provision was to address all forms of communication, and to ensure their functional equivalence.

The Working Group agreed provisionally to delete paragraphs (1) bis and ter pending finalization of its deliberations on functional equivalence and the electronic submission of tenders, respectively.

Section IV highlights recent activities related to organic agriculture, including activities of the International Task Force on Harmonization and Equivalence in Organic Agriculture and TC CB activities.

The recent European Action Plan for Organic Food and Farming, which highlights the importance of harmonization and equivalence, is an important a step in the right direction.

The provisions envisaged are based largely on the UNCITRAL Model Law, which sets out to recognize the functional equivalence between electronic documents and various types of paper documents.

For example, if the equivalence point is at a pH of 8.4, then the Phenolphthalein indicator would be used instead of Alizarin Yellow because phenolphthalein would reduce the indicator error.

Applying the principle of functional equivalence to the electronic submission of tenders, electronic tenders require the same legal value as tenders submitted in writing, signed and in a sealed envelope.

Considering that, in respect of the level of remuneration of the members of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, the fourth Meeting of States Parties decided to maintain equivalence with the remuneration levels of members of the International Court of Justice,

See Twarog and Vossenaar (2003), Obstacles facing developing country exports of organic products to developed country markets , in The Organic Guarantee System The Need and Strategy for Harmonization and Equivalence, Eds.

An income tax hike will reduce private demand (unless one believes in perfect Ricardian equivalence), including demand for other countries exports. Other macroeconomic policies of all kinds influence the current account balance.

In order to achieve functional equivalence between handwritten signatures and electronic signatures, there should not be any additional reliability requirement for electronic signatures as contained in paragraph 3 (b) of article 9.

Considering that, in respect of the level of remuneration of the members of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea ( the Tribunal ), the fourth Meeting of States Parties decided to maintain equivalence with the remuneration levels of members of the International Court of Justice,

Another concern expressed was that additional amendments might be required to address the fact that the principle of functional equivalence made electronic procurement of all kinds possible and not only electronic reverse auctions.

Being of the opinion that uniform rules should respect the freedom of parties to choose appropriate media and technologies, taking account of the principles of technological neutrality and functional equivalence, to the extent that the means chosen by the parties comply with the purpose of the relevant rules of law,

Being of the opinion that uniform rules should respect the freedom of parties to choose appropriate media and technologies, taking account of the principles of technological neutrality and functional equivalence, to the extent that the means chosen by the parties comply with the purpose of the relevant rules of law,

1. Notes the increasing number of duty stations where the post adjustment classification is equal or close to zero, and requests the Commission to review the methodology to ensure that purchasing power equivalence is appropriately reflected

Likewise, there was a wide range of practice among the 75 countries, which indicated whether they made adjustments for adult equivalence in their poverty analyses (38 per cent of countries made some adjustments for age and or sex).

The Working Group recalled its earlier decision that it would provide for a general principle of functional equivalence regarding the use of communications in the procurement process, and that it would approach the drafting from a technologically neutral perspective (A CN.9 575, para.