The apparent payoff was that we could now explain why politicians did so many things that violated economic rationality.

But this assumes perfect rationality.

Communicative rationality, or communicative reason, is a theory or set of theories which describes human rationality as a necessary outcome of successful communication.

Citizens associate the EU with, above all, bureaucratic grayness and technocratic rationality.

This will guarantee the fairness, equality, rationality and universality of international arrangements.

But in such moments of intense fear, there is no room for rationality and logic.

We should build with rationality and kindness because Iran should be free from any discrimination.

But abundant psychological evidence has now shown that people do not satisfy Savage s axioms of rationality.

And she is offering Jews and Arabs some hope, an open horizon, and low key rationality.

And I want to start by giving you some examples of visual illusion as a metaphor for rationality.

But will cool rationality be enough to create a European security pillar within the context of the Alliance?

I have questions with the values of Newtonian science, like rationality. You're supposed to be rational in an argument.

The harder it becomes to discern any rationality in the Bush administration s actions, the louder the rumor mill grinds.

But there is a solid foundation of rationality on which to build in keeping the door open for negotiations.

Behavioral economics, for example, emphasizes that market participants often act in ways that cannot easily be reconciled with rationality.

Both disregard the fact that rationality depends as much on individuals imperfect understandings of history and society as on their motivation.

So these first reformers sought to engage with the ideas that they saw emerging from Europe rationality, tolerance and ethically determined behavior.

In the official view, Ahmadinejad and his circle lack rationality and wisdom indeed, they are said to be in the grip of superstition.

In order to achieve those goals we have no alternative to an inclusive multilateralism that offers balance, rationality and justice in international relations.

The extension of human morality is a wonderful development for humanity, but it would be even better if it were tempered by cold blooded rationality.

Yet al Jabri's contributions over the last decades to the uphill battle between rationality and religious thought has probably never been so relevant as today.

If rationality were the criterion, he argued, many humans, including infants and the disabled, would also have to be treated as though they were things.

Parsons had asked Schutz to give a presentation at the rationality seminar, which he did on April 13, 1940 and Parsons and Schutz had lunched together afterward.

Proponents of this argument use that term to include beings that are not yet capable of rationality but will become so in the normal course of their development.

Success will largely depend upon our collective courage to question the feasibility and practicality not to mention the legality and rationality of the dominant interventionist paradigm and tendencies.

But why should a being s potential to become rationally self aware make it wrong to end its life before it actually has the capacity for rationality or self awareness?

Unfortunately, however, hyper rationality does not always produce attractive outcomes when social , rather than individual , choices are concerned. Indeed, sometimes it leads to results that are inefficient, nasty, or both.

Culture is a reaction to nature, and this understanding of our ancestors is transmitted generation from generation in the form of stories, symbols and rituals, which are always indifferent to rationality.

It is driven by the extreme Cartesian rationality, verging on the absurd, of a country whose citizens continue to view their state in the same way that adolescents view their parents.

We have copious knowledge, which enables us to split the atom, but we do not have enough rationality to prevent the misuse of nuclear fission for the manufacture of nuclear weapons.

It's a process that takes rationality almost to an absurd level, and it transcends all the baggage that normally comes with what people would call, sort of, a rational conclusion to something.

Nor can something like self awareness or rationality warrant greater protection for the fetus than for, say, a cow, because the fetus has mental capacities that are inferior to those of cows.

And as the statistician Leonard Jimmie Savage showed in 1954, if people follow certain axioms of rationality, they must behave as if they knew all the probabilities and did all the appropriate calculations.

Habermas perceives the rationalization, humanization and democratization of society in terms of the institutionalization of the potential for rationality that is inherent in the communicative competence that is unique to the human species.

In the current circumstances, which are difficult for the Conference's credibility, it is vital to confer greater continuity on the rationality and impetus of the President in the search for a consensus solution.

Many people assume that rationality is always instrumental reason can tell us only how to get what we want, but our basic wants and desires are beyond the scope of reasoning. Not so, Parfit argues.

By hijacking rationality in the belief that human behavior can be predicted (and thus potentially controlled), today s arrogant General Staff of economists, bankers, and bureaucrats have compromised not only themselves, but the basic notion of freedom.

The Enlightenment idea that our System II rationality can always point to an optimal choice about which every reasonable individual would agree clashes with the widely accepted modern idea that there is a plurality of reasonable choices.

But abundant psychological evidence has now shown that people do not satisfy Savage s axioms of rationality. This is the core element of the behavioral economics revolution that has begun to sweep economics over the last decade or so.

He defined meta economics as the humanizing of economics by accounting for the imperative of a sustainable environment thus, he included elements of moral philosophy, psychology, anthropology, and sociology that transcend the boundaries of profit maximization and individual rationality.

So a standard economist, someone who believes in rationality, would say, You know what? The cost of lifting the pencil and marking a V is higher than the possible benefit of the decision, so that's why we get this effect.

The late Rudiger Dornbusch who used to write this column used to say that unsustainable situations lasted longer than economists who believed in market rationality and equilibrium could imagine possible. They then tended to collapse more quickly than anyone could believe.

America s capital is once again abuzz with talk of war, not only of the latest strategy for victory in Iraq, but now also of military action against Iran. The harder it becomes to discern any rationality in the Bush administration s actions, the louder the rumor mill grinds.

Economic development differs from economic growth.

The United States believed that the concept of a unitary United Nations provided a useful analytical framework for making the difficult decisions on how best to give coherence and rationality to the United Nations system, as well as a basis upon which to deal with the system on budgetary and policy grounds.