Loan or bond covenants often require borrowers to agree to maintain a minimum level of equity capital or cash on hand.

Americans homeowners came to treat their houses as cash machines from which they withdrew equity lines of credit for consumption instead of investment.

The rapid rise in house prices until 2006 caused households to increase their spending, financed in part by converting home equity into cash.

Seizing on a 93 million debt that Armenia owed to Russia, the Putin administration demanded payment in either cash or equity in Armenia s major industries.

The Chief will also manage and report on trading, cash and equity validation and settlement oversight programmes by managing the pricing and securities databases, bank account relationships and the oversight of cash activities, and establish and conduct independent performance calculations.

Most importantly, the firms top executives regularly unloaded shares and options, and thus were able to cash out a lot of their equity before the stock price of their firm plummeted.

So it seems unlikely that this up front cash provided much of an incentive for the average CEO to knowingly take bad or excessive risks that would jeopardize their much larger equity stakes.

However the assumptions used in the appraisal (especially the equity discount rate and the projection of the cash flows to be achieved) are likely to be at least as important as the precise model used.

Cash holdings

Cash advances

Working capital is measured through the difference between resources in cash or readily convertible into cash (Current Assets), and cash requirements (Current Liabilities).

Start with equity.

Contributions in cash

C. Cash couriers

Selective Cash Assistance

Although the financial sector lost more than half of its stock market value during the last five years, executives were still able to cash out, prior to the stock market implosion, large amounts of equity compensation and bonus compensation.

i. Gender Equity Policy

Promoting greater gender equity.

Credit card or cash?

Credit card or cash?

Cash Aid for Africa

Apple s Cash Flow Problem

Management of petty cash

SR IX. Cash Couriers

a transaction involving cash

4120 Cash margin requirement

Cash and term deposits

The cash budget is funded through cash contributions recorded as income to the General Fund (GF).

Taming the Private Equity Locusts

Employment equity and workplace diversity

Regular budget cash flow projection

(i) Cash and term deposits

Equity structures have also benefited from logistical support (computers, office facilities) and from technical assistance (National Equity Committee).

Higher equity capital requirements, for example, require banks to fund themselves with relatively more equity and relatively less debt.

Because such a hands off approach leaves executives no discretion over when they cash out their equity based compensation, it provides the most effective method for preventing executives from gaming the market and for ensuring that they are not rewarded for their information advantage.

Subprogramme 4 Social development and equity

By buying government bonds for cash, a central bank can satisfy demand and push down the price of cash.

The Russians are Coming With Cash

VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTION CASH AND PLEDGES FROM

Cash deficits of closed peacekeeping missions

(a) Cash payments by the estate

A second option is Conditional Cash Transfer Programs, which provide cash payments to poor households whose children attend school regularly.

For example, if a cash sale for 100 is debited to the Sales account, and credited to the Cash account.

The treasury information systems would address automation of bank reconciliations, cash forecasting, foreign exchange revaluation and cash and investment accounting.

As a further enhancement to the Australian Government's equity provisions for higher education students, the Higher Education Equity Support Programme was introduced in 2005 following a review of higher education equity measures under the reforms.