More than half of all approved drugs produce a serious adverse reaction that is not known at the time of regulatory approval.

Along this path, many potential drugs are withdrawn, and even successfully tested drugs face the additional hurdle of regulatory approval.

Regulators proved unable to forecast and prevent the crisis.

There was also bureaucratic resistance from existing regulators.

Japan s nuclear regulator did not enforce stricter security rules.

Regulators generally turned a blind eye to these suspicions.

So the mutual fund industry had the regulators all to itself.

We cannot merely rely on regulators to do the right thing.

Regulators should insist that traded derivatives are homogenous, standardized, and transparent.

Test methods are published by regulators or can be included in specifications or contracts.

Okay, okay, okay!

Regulators may also have to revive old tools.

To enforce the statute, regulators periodically examine banks for CRA compliance.

They may be in an especially delicate situation, representing and having access to both suppliers and buyers in the market place.

So government regulators and ultimately all of us are caught between a rock and a hard place. Regulate in haste, repent at leisure.

(d) Management fees earned from the implementation of management services agreements financed by multilateral bilateral donors.

Regulators could encourage each bank to sell part of its toxic portfolio and extrapolate the portfolio s value from the price obtained in such a sale, or they could attempt to estimate the portfolio s value as well as they can on their own.

Okay, okay, get going.

Regulators have struggled with the problem for years without finding a solution.

Under the Senate s approach, regulators would create rules under which an independent regulatory board would choose raters.

Consequently, relying on low failure probabilities, national policies, the caution of private actors, and monitoring by regulators seems to be insufficient to prevent catastrophe.

Regulators relied mainly on examination of individual loans rather than capital to asset ratios.

But even the financial stress tests conducted by regulators did not require the banks to acknowledge that inconvenient truth.

But, prior to both Japan s nuclear crisis and the financial crisis, regulators were unable to prevent the risk.

As long as they manage their risks properly, regulators should be happy.

It is the job of regulators to ensure that no one is ever granted such a license.

Moreover, only the regulators can examine the dossiers, which are highly confidential.

Unfortunately, regulators do not even appear to be learning from the current crisis in order to prevent the next one.

But I am nervous about the idea that regulators are best placed to determine the future shape of markets.

With the patient's consent. What consent?

Nor has a single criminal financier gambler, who misled the financial regulators with fudged figures, been brought to justice.

As national regulators seek to protect their own banks, they may hurt the banking systems of other countries.

But this ignores the possibility that regulators may have started to enforce the CRA rigorously only later.

From a regulator s perspective, this is a powerful argument for requiring higher capital to constrain the risk that banks can take on.

Implementation depends on regulators some of whom are very good, while others remain in thrall to the big Wall Street banks.

Austrian, Italian, and Swiss regulators, seeing that their banks assets and liabilities were in their own currencies, looked the other way.

In other words, he clearly believed that regulation created artificial barriers, and that competition between jurisdictions that is, between regulators was to be welcomed.

Country specific meetings of the Commission, upon invitation of the Organizational Committee referred to in paragraph 101 below, should include as members, in addition to members of the Organizational Committee, representatives from

Agreed

Okay.

Granted.

Is that all right?

Indeed, more than thinking, it should have done some regulating to prevent Europe s banks from becoming so vulnerable.

Regulators can do a great deal, but they need political direction from the highest level in order to make genuine progress.

If they over constrain the financial sector, risk may migrate outside the regulatory frontier, where it will be harder to measure and monitor.