They demonstrate clearly that China is prepared to compensate for export weakness by stimulating domestic demand.

The weaker peseta would stimulate demand for Spanish exports and reduce Spain s imports, which would boost domestic demand and reduce unemployment.

Weak articulation with, and involvement of, community in the life of the school.

While there was a business cycle, no perceptible tendency toward chronic demand weakness appeared.

To offset the collapse in demand from industrial countries, they had stimulated domestic demand.

It also means getting the balance between domestic and external demand right, and appreciating the sensitivity of medium and long term growth to the composition (and size) of domestic aggregate demand.

In the US, the weak dollar will be a powerful boost to net exports, and thus to aggregate demand.

And Germany is slowly acquiescing to a prudent relative expansion in domestic demand.

Rebalancing demand, from investment and exports to domestic consumption

Today, the South s GDP is 40 times larger than that of the North.

The reason, of course, is the strong increase in Chinese domestic demand.

The impact on growth will almost certainly be negative, even if domestic demand compensates fully for the decline in external demand.

Long term growth depends not on foreign demand, but on domestic supply.

China s GDP growth fell dramatically, owing to the collapse of external demand.

Second, the Chinese production mix does not correspond to domestic demand, and investment in long products has outpaced demand growth.

The Irish banking system s external borrowing reached roughly 100 of GDP two Kazakhstans.

Since the amount of foreign reserves available to defend a weak currency (a currency in low demand) is limited, a currency crisis or devaluation could be the end result.

German exports would also benefit from a weaker euro, boosting overall economic demand in Germany.

With private sector demand still weak, austerity is slowing, not accelerating, recovery.

A vibrant rural sector generates local demand for locally produced goods and services.

As such, this what if is a cautiously optimistic assessment of the downside risks stemming from weak external demand.

Energy hungry America has long depended on the global market to meet domestic demand.

If excessive domestic demand was the problem, the solution should now be on its way.

But what we have seen since 2007 is an overshooting of the contraction in consumer demand and domestic investment.

In this sense, China has a rare opportunity to expand its growth potential by stimulating domestic demand.

This time, the loss is estimated at 3.4 of GDP, implying a larger increase in domestic demand if the right public policies are pursued.

Finally, as is true in many of the advanced countries, weak demand constrains Italy s short and medium term growth.

But it is becoming increasingly difficult for factories in the region to remain in business under conditions of weak global demand and strong local currencies.

With domestic demand still weak, more export demand is just what the doctor ordered for an anemic economy.

Thus, India s high growth rates will have to remain dependent on strong domestic demand.

Or an undervalued exchange rate can help to export the lack of domestic demand.

Expansion in domestic demand resulted in an increase of 22 per cent in imports.

Rebalancing demand, from investment and exports to domestic consumption

Together, these changes could lower total demand by nearly 2 of GDP.

They doubt that an alternative development strategy based on boosting domestic demand would succeed.

This did not work very well, because investment was constrained by deficient domestic aggregate demand relative to capacity.

That sustained demand provided an important stabilizer for the domestic economy, which the Baltic states did not have.

Both contribute to aggregate domestic demand, and the structural shifts on the supply side will be driven by the right mix of aggregate demand, with the low return component on the investment side removed.

Accumulating excessive debt usually entails moving some part of domestic aggregate demand forward in time, so the exit from that debt must include more savings and diminished demand.

Indeed, growth in earnings and profits is now running out of steam, as the effect of weak demand on top line revenues takes a toll on bottom line margins and profitability.

Today, the South s GDP is 40 times larger than that of the North. Comparing the two Korean economies is virtually meaningless.

As a result, for a given increment of domestic demand, China is far more predisposed toward foreign sourcing.

It intends to boost domestic demand and is committed to moving gradually toward greater exchange rate flexibility.

Indeed, the central challenge of economic development is not foreign demand, but domestic structural change.

Countries like China that have large surpluses will have to rely much more on domestic demand to fuel their economies.