When the glucose levels of cells drop (glucoprivation), the body starts to produce the feeling of hunger.

This normal reduction in the liver s glucose production may not occur in people with insulin resistance.

Glycolysis means we're going to be breaking up glucose.

By breaking down existing protein, some glucose can be produced internally the remaining amino acids are discarded, primarily as urea in urine.

And so essentially glucose concentration will go up high here, and then if we make this porous to glucose so glucose can go through, then glucose will eventually, if this gets high enough, it'll just go down its concentration gradient eventually into the blood.

It lyses the glucose.

But the first step of cellular respiration is glycolysis breaking up of glucose.

So the whole point is really to go from glucose, from one mole of glucose

The first stage is glycolysis, where you're just literally splitting the glucose into two.

Glucose has been split.

Over here we have our glucose.

Maybe glucose will bond here.

It's taking glucose for the ride.

Which literally means breaking up glucose.

Glucose was our starting point.

So if you had one mole of glucose let me write that, that's your glucose right there and then to that one mole of glucose, if you had six moles of molecular oxygen running around the cell, then and this is kind of a gross simplification for cellular respiration.

The liver helps regulate glucose levels by reducing its secretion of glucose in the presence of insulin.

The first stage is called glycolysis.

So, glycolysis anaerobic.

It is a type of glucose clamp technique.

It's more likely too much glucose blood sugar.

It's taking so much glucose from my bloodstream.

So cellular respiration, for every mole of a glucose,

I'll just do the example of glucose.

So that's your glucose right there.

Let me show you what glucose actually looks like.

That's what glycolysis does, right there.

They're saying, hey, we have 25 grams of glucose.

But the process of glycolysis, you're essentially just taking

While the oxygen concentration is low, the product of glycolysis, (pyruvate), is turned into ethanol and carbon dioxide, and the energy production efficiency is low (2 moles of ATP per mole of glucose).

We started off with 12 hydrogens in glucose.

The brain is a bit of a hog when it comes to using glucose.

Or if we want to be specific, from glucose.

So that's what glucose actually looks like.

The presence of insulin leads to a kind of insulin resistance every time a cell is exposed to insulin, the production of GLUT4 (type four glucose receptors) on the membrane of the cell decreases somewhat.

That little glucose molecule then helps to build bigger and better carbohydrates

But why do we have to turn that glucose into ATP?

So you start off with glucose in the investment phase.

Glucose got split into two of these guys.

The hospital put him on a water drip for three days.

How much oxygen is required to completely react with that glucose?

I'll do a whole video on glycolysis in the future.

But insulin is vital, without insulin you have diabetes. and without insulin you don't transport glucose into muscle, and remove glucose from the bloodstream normally.

So glycolysis, or really cellular respiration, it starts off with glucose.

Because the glucose has been split into two of these molecules.