Researchers have long used techniques like periodic household surveys to collect data.

Source ENIGH 2000 and ENIGH 2002.

The Chinese economy s institutional weakness is reflected in international survey data.

And survey data show a rapid decline in people s satisfaction and confidence about the future.

Actually, there have been very few recent surveys, and most of the available numbers are projections and estimates, not hard data. Overall, there are more gaps than real observations, and the observations themselves are often dubious.

First, many countries lack survey data showing how income and consumption are distributed among their citizens.

For example, World Bank survey data suggest that India s per capita household expenditure has grown by only 1.5 annually since the early 1990 s, implying that the average Indian spent 720 in 2010.

Family violence

Second, the World Bank accepts survey data uncritically even when it conflicts with data from other sources.

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