It has long been understood that stratospheric ozone depletion and climate change are linked.

C. Stratospheric ozone

Ozone depletion

Ozone Depletion 50 million

Of greatest concern are three closely intertwined issues the occurrence of health damaging air pollution the build up of heat trapping greenhouse gases and the depletion of the Earth's protective stratospheric ozone layer.

Among these threats, ozone depletion is high on the agenda.

Future ozone concentrations are mainly driven by the changes in stratospheric halogen loading, with ozone recovery occurring after the peak of halogen loading.

These include climate change, ozone depletion, chemical issues and loss of biodiversity.

(b) Further advancing scientific understanding of how climate change can affect the dynamics of stratospheric ozone loss and recovery

Accordingly, the GEF ozone depletion focal area involves support to the economies in transition in Eastern Europe and Central Asia for mitigating ozone layer depletion (for countries not covered under the Montreal Protocol's financial mechanism). GEF OPS2, at 5.

But it shows that we are interconnected, among many systems on the planet, with the three big systems, climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion and ocean acidification being the three big systems, where the scientific evidence of large scale thresholds in the paleo record of the history of the planet.

However, stratospheric ozone destruction in the polar regions and the consequent rise in dangerous ultraviolet radiation is still occurring at near record levels.

The stratospheric ozone example is often cited as a model for the effective use of scientific information in guiding policy responses to global change concerns.

The representative of an environmental non governmental organization called for urgent action on both ozone depletion and climate change.

The actions taken to preserve the stratospheric ozone layer provide an example of remarkable success of scientific and political cooperation in addressing a major environmental threat.

Since methyl bromide had a short atmospheric lifetime, reductions in its use would have an immediate effect on ozone depletion.

The ozone layer in the stratospheric layer of the atmosphere protects life on earth from the harmful effects of certain wavelengths of the sun's ultra violet light.

This led to Upper Atmosphere Research Program and later the Earth Observing System (EOS) satellites in the 1990s to monitor ozone depletion.

Information on any other adverse effects to the environment should be included where available, such as environmental fate (exposure), ozone depletion potential, photochemical ozone creation potential, endocrine disrupting potential and or global warming potential.

Global changes, in particular climate change and the depletion of the ozone layer, remain major threats to the integrity of the Antarctic environment.

As a result of the successful implementation of the Montreal Protocol and its amendments, the atmospheric concentration of chlorofluorocarbons (the man made chemicals that destroy stratospheric ozone) has generally begun to decline.

In the present, the human population as well livestock and the ecosystem are the only parts of the world outside the Antarctic to report near total ozone depletion.

E. Consideration of the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change assessment report as it relates to actions to address ozone depletion (decision XIV 10)

(d) Consideration of the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change assessment report as it relates to actions to address ozone depletion (decision XIV 10)

Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change (NDSC).

Item 3 (d) Consideration of the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change assessment report as it relates to actions to address ozone depletion (decision XIV 10)

She noted that the cooling resulting from ozone depletion was an entirely separate phenomenon from the warming due to the greenhouse effects of ODS, occurring in different places at different times.

In fashionable African cities, residential home prices remain stratospheric.

Then, when it was discovered that certain chemicals called chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) were causing the depletion of ozone in the atmosphere, the same groups launched a nasty campaign to discredit that science, too.

The summary that follows was prepared in accordance with decision XIV 10 and outlines actions that address ozone depletion and at the same time have the supplementary benefit of reducing climate change.

The data is fundamental to our understanding of contemporary processes of global relevance such as ozone depletion, atmospheric pollution, climate change, the melting of ice shelves and glaciers and sea level rise.

This makes its ozone depletion potential very dependent on both the latitude of emissions (relative to the tropical tropopause where trace gases enter the stratosphere) and on the season in which the emissions take place.

This can bring the benefits of better synergy among other environmental goals because this ministry is often charged to deal with other local and global environmental issues, such as pollution control, biodiversity, desertification and ozone depletion.

The representative of an industry association whose members produced and used HFCs complimented the report on confirming the role of HFCs as safe long term alternatives to ozone depleting substances, with beneficial effects not only for ozone depletion but also for the global climate, as they allowed improvements in energy efficiency in many applications.

Consideration of the assessment report of the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change as it relates to actions to tackle ozone depletion At its twenty fifth meeting, the Open ended Working Group heard a presentation by the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) that included the ozone related suggestions contained in the special report on climate and ozone issues.

World Climate Research Programme project on Stratospheric Processes and their Role in Climate (SPARC).

C. Changes to the Ozone Secretariat website invitation for suggestions The Ozone Secretariat is in the process of making changes to the Ozone website.

Salinization and depletion of groundwater resources Jordan seeks compensation in the amount of USD 1,465,565,462 for the salinization and depletion of its groundwater resources.

In addition to the above noted activities, scientific and other research related activities that were reported on included studies on ozone variation, temperature influences on ozone, the interaction between ozone and climate and climactic profiles of ozone.

The full assessment reports can be viewed at http www.unep.org ozone and http www.unep.ch ozone

The full assessment reports can be viewed at http www.unep.org ozone and http www.unep.ch ozone

Source Ozone Secretariat database.

Deplete the Ozone Layer

Deplete the Ozone Layer

ODS ozone depleting substances