Exclusions

Other exclusions

Article 2. Exclusions

Article 2 Exclusions

Exclusions from scope

Such an overall cap would allow each taxpayer to retain all of his existing deductions and exclusions but would limit the amount by which he could reduce his tax liability in this way.

Exclusions and other limitations

Article 2. Exclusions (continued)

Article 2. Exclusions (continued)

Article 9. Specific exclusions and inclusions

Draft article 18, paragraph 2, provided for exclusions from the scope of application of the draft convention, whereas draft article 9, paragraph 6, referred to exclusions agreed between the parties.

No exclusions with regard to supervision are envisaged for this sector.

Liability of legal persons

Criminal liability of migrants

Liability of legal persons

Liability of the Tribunal

Financial liability of Members

J. Question of liability

The reservation to article 11 was based on the premise that the article did not allow for exclusions he did not agree that article 11, paragraph 1 did not permit exclusions.

Liability insurance

Such liability is incurred without prejudice to the criminal liability of individuals having committed the offences.

(d) Liability of legal persons

In that context and in recognition of the special case of natural monopolies, some of the agreements also contain specific exclusions. For example, the European Union has exclusions related to rail, roads and inland waterways, maritime transport and air transport.

Mr. Chong (Singapore) said he agreed with the representative of the United States that the Working Group, at its forty fourth session, had decided against a large number of global exclusions, preferring to leave States free to make their own exclusions.

Mr. Madrid Parra (Spain) said that in order to keep the scope of application of the draft convention as broad as possible only minimal exclusions were established under draft article 2, while States could make additional exclusions under draft article 18.

Lynn Verinsky Because of liability insurance.

Requiring personal financial liability of staff

There was no reason for the reservation, in his view, unless exclusions were excessive.

States that had concerns regarding those matters could make exclusions under draft article 18.

3. Such liability shall be without prejudice to the criminal liability of the natural persons who have committed the offences.

3. Such liability shall be without prejudice to the criminal liability of the natural persons who have committed the offences.

Article 31 regulates the liability of the shipper.

Comparative table on limitation levels of carrier liability

Comparative table on limitation levels of carrier liability

(c) Corruption and criminal liability

(a) Obligations stipulated in Article 13 (1)(a) and (b) and liability arising from the breach thereof or limitation of that liability

International liability for injurious consequences arising out of acts not prohibited by international law (International liability in case of loss from transboundary hazardous activities)

Ireland's Equality Act had fewer exclusions in the 2004 revision than it had had in earlier legislation.

In his view, exclusions should not be permitted where consensus had been reached on a draft article.

The draft instrument focuses to a considerable extent on matters of liability, i.e. on the regulation of liability arising in connection with the carriage of goods.

Freedom of contract approach vs. exemption from liability approach

Basis of shipper's liability (draft article 31, former 29)

Liability for intentional or reckless behaviour

2. These measures should include the imposition of liability on the operator or, where appropriate, other person or entity. Such liability should not require proof of fault. Any conditions, limitations or exceptions to such liability shall be consistent with draft principle 3.

Moreover, there was support for the principle of liability without proof of fault, which was a trend in liability regimes at both the national and international levels.