As a result, businesses are not likely to increase capital spending.

Equity capital will increase relative to assets but, under current policies, it will increase because banks reduce their assets, not because they raise capital.

We consolidated them from 89 to 25 banks by requiring that they increase their capital share capital.

Higher transactions taxes increase the cost of capital, ultimately lowering investment.

Even the stronger banks are being pressed to increase their capital reserves.

Counter cyclical capital requirements fit with this idea, and a range of indicators could be used to calibrate the increase in capital requirements, coupled perhaps with some discretion.

All of these actions should help increase the absorptive capacity for foreign capital.

And, to address volatile capital flows, countries should increase exchange rate flexibility, maintain adequate international reserves, and implement carefully designed capital controls.

Keynes s prediction rested on the assumption that, with a 2 annual increase in capital, a 1 increase in productivity, and a stable population, average standards of living would rise eight times on average.

Africa s growth potential has caught the attention of foreign investors, who have contributed to a rapid increase in capital expenditure.

Spanish banks speculated on a continuing increase in real estate prices, which would bring large capital gains to their customers.

The 1990s witnessed a rapid expansion of private capital inflows into developing countries, registering a sevenfold increase over the average for the 1980s.

Such sharing oriented businesses increase the productivity of existing capital, while creating new jobs for workers.

Its stock of foreign capital will increase steadily as foreign firms invest and reinvest in China.

By sharing capital equipment, we make it more accessible to more people and ultimately increase demand.

Thus, a 10 increase in working time is the same as if the economy s stock of productive capital were increased by 10 .

A huge influx of capital could lead to a significant appreciation of the peso s exchange rate, causing an increase in Mexico s currently very attractive labor costs.

There has been a continued increase in the costly build up of precautionary reserves as a form of self insurance against volatility in international capital flows.

But, unfortunately, the most obvious way for banks to increase their capital ratios is to curtail their lending.

The result is an increase in the cost of capital to firms, which lowers investment and exacerbates the crisis.

The remaining portion represents support costs and items budgeted centrally, including working capital and area staff salary increase requirements.

With a fast rising RMB, net capital outflows will increase, which is what Japan experienced after the Plaza Accord of 1985 pushed the yen upward.

Instead, the keys to growth and development appeared to lie beyond an increase in capital intensity as measured by capital output ratios skills, education, technology broadly understood, and improvements in organizational management.

Although the capital stock will benefit from a higher household saving rate, the increase will be offset by more government dissaving as budget deficits remain high.

It is for this reason that I have suggested a capital increase to the shareholders of the bank to 30 billion from the current 20 billion.

The second report finds that a one percentage point increase in bank capital ratios, if introduced gradually over four years, would lower GDP by about 0.2 .

High investment may cause economic overheating and increase the price of capital goods in the medium term, eventually triggering inflation.

What you give on interest to increase ( your capital ) through others ' wealth , does not find increase with God yet what you give ( in alms and charity ) with a pure heart , seeking the way of God , will be doubled .

The tests were seen as credible indeed, their results prompted US officials to force several major banks to increase their capital.

Foreign capital inflows would allow them to draw on the savings of rich countries, increase their investment rates, and stimulate growth.

But the eurozone can increase its inflow of foreign capital only if it has a current account deficit, i.e., if it increases its imports relative to its exports.

One speaker referred to the fact that the deterrent effect of capital punishment had not been proven and that, in his country, the abolition of capital punishment had not led to an increase in crime.

Consider the seemingly heated debate over how much capital banks should hold. Regulators have proposed steep hikes a Bank of England study, for example, suggested a more than three fold increase.

The unprecedented increase in developing countries foreign exchange reserves is due both to their current account surpluses and large net capital inflows.

Those who are willing to engage often demand steep risk premiums that dramatically increase the cost of capital, often to usurious levels.

So a country where labor productivity is low will become an attractive location for foreign direct investment, and the resulting increase in the capital labor ratio will raise productivity.

A new portfolio of regulations would increase banks capital requirements, limit the debt that they could take on, and establish a Consumer Financial Protection Agency to protect naïve borrowers against predatory lending.

A factor worthy of note is that developing economies in the ESCAP region have become net exporters of capital as persistent current account surpluses in some countries combined with a sharp increase in net private capital flows have been reflected primarily in the substantial accumulation of official reserves.

Also surprising is the increase in Argentina s domestic savings rate, which has enabled self financing of investment which has doubled and, paradoxically, capital outflows.

Spanish banks are required to increase their deposits in proportion to their lending and set aside capital against assets in their off balance sheets.

In particular, if the firm s equity capital erodes, the government should not provide funds (directly or indirectly) to increase the cushion available to bondholders.

In order to reverse the feminization of poverty, more must be done to increase women's access to and control over productive resources and capital.

Otherwise, today s fencing in of the rich world will increase the risk of a backlash against free circulation of goods and capital, as well as of political instability punctuated by terrorism.

What national and international efforts can be made to increase the stability of private capital flows to developing countries and to maximize their development impact?

The key is to reflect on six kinds of capital goods business capital, infrastructure, human capital, intellectual capital, natural capital, and social capital.