You call them stock, or stock options, derivatives, mortgage backed securities.

Taxpayers money was spent to purchase corporate stocks in a failed attempt to support collapsing stock prices.

And you're saying, wait Sal, that doesn't make sense, we all know that the stock market is a wild ride, especially banking stocks.

Most importantly, the firms top executives regularly unloaded shares and options, and thus were able to cash out a lot of their equity before the stock price of their firm plummeted.

A company might have a single shareholder or group of shareholders with majority control of the company, either through holding the majority of the company's outstanding equity or through holding shares with superior voting rights.

In the next step, we built the network around these companies, so we took all the TNCs' shareholders, and the shareholders' shareholders, etc., all the way upstream, and we did the same downstream, and ended up with a network containing 600,000 nodes and one million links.

If I had to ask you, In 2005 what was the best performing stock market or stock exchange in the world? Would Egypt come to mind?

Arrows

Shares

Managers and board members often receive stock based compensation, which gives them equity ownership rights and, in turn, creates a powerful incentive to maximize the market value of their companies shares.

Accordingly, the underperformance of SWF equity portfolios might be a consequence of unfortunate, but constrained, timing, rather than a result of poor stock picking.

Stocks and bonds?

On shares.

Arrowheads

Layer 1

Similarly, equity incentives should be subject to substantial limitations aimed at preventing executives from placing excessive weight on their firm s short term stock price.

Supplemental Arrows A

Supplemental Arrows B

So let's call that market equity.

Five you'll get.

In widely held firms, the concern is about opportunism by managers, who exercise de facto control in controlled firms, the concern is about opportunism by the controlling shareholder at the expense of minority shareholders.

The private equity firm is called HlG Captial.

Protection of shareholders

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Stock market go down?

How's the stock market?

Regulators might consider imposing pro cyclical equity requirements increasing the equity percentage in boom times in order to offset losses in the inevitable bust times.

Miscellaneous Symbols and Arrows

Arrows for Skipped Calls

In 2005, the Egyptian stock exchange returned over 145 percent.

It is recommended that this disclosure include the concentration of shareholdings, for example the holdings of the top 20 largest shareholders.

Taming the Stock Option Game

The Dead Cat Bounce

Don't buy stocks.

Don't buy stocks. Buy gold!

And then, if we do the shares

That law prevents any shareholder who controls more than 20 of voting shares in Volkswagenwerk GmbH (VW) from casting more than 20 of the votes in a shareholders' meeting.

Some researchers have found that the largest CEO performance incentives came from ownership of the firm's shares, while other researchers found that the relationship between share ownership and firm performance was dependent on the level of ownership.

In controlled firms, where the concern is diversion from minority shareholders, making directors even more responsive to the controller will likely make minority investors still more vulnerable.

China s Abnormal Stock Market

The Stock Bond Disconnect

The Uptick s Downside

The stock market is very active.

So why do stocks fluctuate wildly left and right?

They will sell some shares directly to the market.