Definition (e), Addressee

The time of receipt of an electronic communication is the time when it becomes capable of being retrieved by the addressee at an electronic address designated by the addressee.

Some jurisdictions require some act of actual receipt by the consignee others regard the placing of the goods at the free disposal of the consignee as delivery.

As a prerequisite for delivery, the consignee must produce proper identification.

(c) replace the consignee with another person, including the controlling party itself

The carrier may refuse delivery if the consignee does not produce proper identification.

The time of receipt of an electronic communication at another electronic address of the addressee is the time when it becomes capable of being retrieved by the addressee at that address and the addressee becomes aware that the electronic communication has been sent to that address.

In response to this latter point, it was observed that the consignee had no obligation to accept the cargo.

(b) The carrier is not allowed under applicable law or regulations to deliver the goods to the consignee,

An electronic communication is presumed to be capable of being retrieved by the addressee when it reaches the addressee's electronic address.

Pursuant to article 13 (previously 10) the carrier is obliged to deliver the goods to the consignee.

Should it be when the goods have arrived at their destination and the consignee has requested delivery thereof, or should it be when the goods are actually delivered at their destination?

The duty of the carrier to deliver the goods to the consignee is dealt with in article 13 (previously 10).

(a) It directly or indirectly excludes, limits, or increases the obligations under Chapter 7 of the shipper, consignor, consignee, controlling party, holder, or person referred to in Article 31 or

(b) It directly or indirectly excludes, limits, or increases the liability of the shipper, consignor, consignee, controlling party, holder, or person referred to in Article 31 for breach of any of their obligations under Chapter 7.

It was suggested that the third party consignee is actually a part of the transaction due to the contract of sale, pursuant to which the consignee is free to negotiate conditions favourable to it, and that to argue that such a party is in need of protection is somewhat artificial.

And article 1 (k) (previously 1(i)) defines the consignee as the person entitled to take delivery of the goods.

This applies even if a consignee takes samples of the goods and subsequently decides to reject them under the contract of sale.

It will give an indication of the contents of the chapters of the study and its conclusions and recommendations.

The carrier must deliver the goods at the time and location mentioned in article 11(4) (previously 7 (3)) to the consignee.

The purpose of such an instruction would be to enable the shipper seller to check that payment has been received before the cargo is delivered to the consignee buyer.

In the discussion within the Working Group the question has arisen whether the duty of the consignee should be unconditional.

Also, the level of the consignee's activity that would trigger its duty to accept delivery has been a point of discussion.

Such placing at the consignee's disposal may be done actually or through documents, such as a delivery order.

2. This Instrument applies without regard to the nationality of the ship, the carrier, the performing parties, the shipper, the consignee, or any other interested parties.

2. This instrument applies without regard to the nationality of the ship, the carrier, the performing parties, the shipper, the consignee, or any other interested parties.

This article provides that the carrier should make an effort to avoid a situation that on the part of the consignee no adequate reaction is forthcoming.

2. The parties may agree that the loading, stowing and discharging of the goods is to be performed by the shipper or any person referred to in article 35 (previously 32), the controlling party or the consignee.

The carrier must deliver the goods at the time and location mentioned in article 11(4) (previously 7 (3)) to the consignee upon the consignee's production of proper identification.

When the carrier delivers upon instruction of, in principle, the controlling party, the carrier is discharged from its obligation under the contract of carriage to deliver to the consignee.

The Senate vetoed the text submitted by the Congress.

That is not a platitude it is a grim reality.

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In line with article 86 of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, such consignee when taking delivery from the carrier does so on behalf of the seller.

(a) If the name and address of the consignee is not referred to in the contract particulars the controlling party must advise the carrier thereof, prior to or upon the arrival of the goods at the place of destination

There, shippers consignees often prefer doing the loading and or discharging operations themselves because, for instance, they own the terminal involved or have a special expertise in respect of the goods.

(e) Addressee of an electronic communication means a party who is intended by the originator to receive the electronic communication, but does not include a party acting as an intermediary with respect to that electronic communication

(e) Addressee of an electronic communication means a party who is intended by the originator to receive the electronic communication, but does not include a party acting as an intermediary with respect to that electronic communication

If the carrier is required to hand over the goods at the place of delivery to an authority or other third party to which, pursuant to applicable law or regulation, the goods must be handed over and from which the consignee may collect them, such handing over is a delivery of the goods by the carrier under paragraph 4.

3. An electronic communication is deemed to be dispatched at the place where the originator has its place of business and is deemed to be received at the place where the addressee has its place of business, as determined in accordance with article 6.

Writing letters is actually an intercourse with ghosts, and by no means just the ghost of the addressee but also with one's own ghost, which secretly evolves inside the letter one is writing.

The following wording is proposed for article 10, paragraph 2 The time of receipt of an electronic communication is the time when it becomes capable of being retrieved in an unmodified state by the addressee at an electronic address.

An electronic communication is deemed to be dispatched at the place where the originator has its place of business and is deemed to be received at the place where the addressee has its place of business, as determined in accordance with article 6.

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