They are particularly suitable for implementation in hardware, and the Viterbi decoder allows optimal decoding.

The segments provide a way to group segments into packets, which are meaningful units of data for the decoder.

Each logical bitstream in a file has a unique value, and this field allows implementations to deliver the pages to the appropriate decoder.

When the output shellcode is run, the decoder can modify its own code to be able to use any instruction it requires to function properly and then continues to decode the original shellcode.