Political instability and gridlock have been the inevitable result.

Ordinarily, partisan political gridlock in Washington would prevent any such sensible change.

The US faces serious problems public debt, weak secondary education, and political gridlock, to name just a few.

The US faces serious problems public debt, weak secondary education, and political gridlock, to name just a few.

Moreover, political gridlock over fiscal adjustment is likely to persist, regardless of whether Barack Obama or Mitt Romney wins November s presidential election.

Political gridlock in Washington and in the United States Congress demonstrates the absence of the bipartisanship needed to address America s fiscal issues.

National civic discussions about how to fix political gridlock and corruption in the United States, for instance, might benefit from deliberate structure.

Unfortunately, the proverbial Washington political gridlock leaves little hope for fixing the problem, adding to the impression of a giant with clay feet.

Bill Ford A future beyond traffic gridlock

Suddenly I am caught in semi gridlock, and the worst kind, gridlock with gangs of adolescents wandering the sidewalks on both sides of the car, gridlock with main routes being barred, gridlock with people in adjacent cars spraying each other with high arching streams of foam it s like suddenly being in the middle of a nightmare.

With divided government, many expect partisan gridlock on major legislation.

China s government, as prone to political maneuvering and policy gridlock as any, appears to agree that immediate economic growth is crucial and that an 8 annual rate is essential.

By the 1970 s, it had brought to the United Kingdom large and ultimately unsustainable current account deficits, high levels of inflation, and then political gridlock over what to do.

The recent budget gridlock in the US will only reinforce this approach.

Second, floating exchange rates imply that devaluation is an automatic adjustment mechanism, so it occurs without the appearance of an explicit burden sharing choice and the accompanying potential for political gridlock.

Gridlock has abated, and you can almost get around the city by car these days.

But the default option in the context of political gridlock a halting, slow growth strategy, focused excessively on fiscal austerity and featuring high unemployment (especially for the young) is unlikely to remain workable for long.

An inability to resolve the distributional and fairness problem can produce gridlock, paralysis, and prolonged stagnation.

Despite the development of democratic institutions in some parts of Africa, coups appear to be once again an option when democracy seems to be failing, political gridlock has taken hold, or impoverished populations are alienated from constitutional authority.

On New York City's 34th Street, gridlock will soon be replaced with a connected system of vehicle specific corridors.

Gridlock, too, implies a choice one that ensures that some version of the status quo will be the outcome.

So far, the burden sharing challenge, along with naive and incomplete growth models, may have contributed to gridlock and inaction.

One could argue that this system facilitates more efficient governance, and thus could potentially save Italy from its debilitating gridlock.

CAMBRIDGE With the approach of the US Congressional elections, questions about the health of America s political institutions and the future of its global leadership have become rampant, with some citing partisan gridlock as evidence of America s decline. But is the situation really that bad?

With America facing a fiscal cliff automatic tax increases and spending cuts at the start of 2013 that will most likely drive the economy into recession unless bipartisan agreement on an alternative fiscal path is reached could there be anything worse than continued political gridlock?

America s anemic recovery with growth barely sufficient to create jobs for new entrants into the labor force was the predictable (and predicted) consequence of political gridlock, which prevented the enactment of President Barack Obama s jobs bill and sent the economy toward a fiscal cliff.

But they are telling their favorites this because they think that pessimism now will lead to their being blamed for gridlock later.

Above all, they could not break the frustrating diplomatic gridlock over Syria or stem the escalation in violence as the year went on.

And it seems to me that, if gridlock continues into 2013, the odds are 60 that it will tip the US back into recession.

Gridlock, too, implies a choice 160 one that ensures that some version of the status quo will be the outcome. What would that look like?

Although the reasons for gridlock differ across countries, the bottom line is that few politicians anywhere are having much success in limbering up their economies.

In such an environment, breaking the gridlock on urgent global issues would be far easier than it has become in the current atmosphere of disillusionment and mistrust.

But uncertainty, lack of confidence, and policy paralysis or gridlock could easily cause value destruction to overshoot, inflicting extensive damage on all parts of the global economy.

Thus, the US Congress, it was supposed, would enact the ACA with healthy and bipartisan majorities, and Obama would demonstrate that he could transcend Washington s partisan gridlock.

Recent differences over verification, for instance, have compounded the eight year long gridlock in the CD, further deepening its crisis of credibility and relevance as a negotiating body on disarmament.

But the bigger issue is that global gridlock is going to stifle economic growth and our ability to deliver food and health care, particularly to people that live in city centers.

The Conference on Disarmament had been given a specific negotiating mandate by the 2000 Review Conference, which it has unfortunately failed to realize, due to continued gridlock over a programme of work.

Nor is Calderón finding it easy to negotiate with the PRI, failing to build a coalition government, which he has repeatedly proclaimed as the solution to the gridlock that has cursed Mexico since 1997.

Just over a year ago, the Finnish EU presidency failed to break the gridlock over the Cyprus trade issue, illustrating again the limited value of trying to agree partial solutions and confidence building measures.

With divided government, many expect partisan gridlock on major legislation. But there is reason to be hopeful the American economy, labor market, and stock market have historically fared a bit better in years of divided government.

If Europe deteriorates, or there is gridlock in dealing with America s fiscal cliff at the beginning of 2013 (when tax cuts expire and automatic spending cuts kick in), a major downturn will become far more likely.

To the extent that this is true of other advanced economies, the global economy faces an extended multi year period of low growth, with residual downside risk coming from policy gridlock and mistakes in Europe, the US, and elsewhere.

Because the expected gridlock in parliament would make reforms less likely, companies might hold off on investment, while consumers would be more likely to keep their wallets closed, because official policy would be even less clear than it is now.

Moreover, ever since Clinton s election in 1992, those at the head of the Republican Party have believed that creating gridlock whenever a Democrat is in the White House, and thus demonstrating the government s incapacity to act, is their best path to electoral success.

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